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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-6-30-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-1013</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Частота и временны́е тренды дефектов нервной трубки в регионах Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence and time trends of neural tube defects in regions of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-0301</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демикова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demikova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демикова Наталия Сергеевна – д.м.н., гл. науч. сотр.</p><p>125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0261-8181</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подольная</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podolnaya</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Подольная Марина Аркадьевна – ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0287-5161</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лапина Александра Семеновна – к.м.н., вед. науч. сотр.</p><p>125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии им. академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics named after Academician Yu.E. Veltischev of the FSBEI of Higher Education Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1013">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1013</self-uri><abstract><p>Дефекты нервной трубки – группа тяжелых врожденных пороков с высоким уровнем летальности, детской инвалидизации. Средняя частота этих пороков составляет примерно 1 на 1000 рождений. Основными мерами по снижению частоты дефектов нервной трубки являются меры первичной и вторичной профилактики, эффективность которой может быть определена с помощью мониторинга врожденных пороков развития.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Определение частоты дефектов нервной трубки, а также динамики этого показателя за период с 2011 по 2017 г. в Российской Федерации по данным мониторинга врожденных пороков развития.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Частота всех случаев анэнцефалии среди новорожденных и плодов составила 4,63 (95% доверительный интервал – ДИ 4,40–4,88) на 10 тыс. рождений, спинномозговой грыжи – 6,18 (95% ДИ 5,91–6,46) и энцефалоцеле – 1,34 (95% ДИ 1,21–1,47). В то же время частота анэнцефалии только среди живорожденных составила 0,11 (95% ДИ 0,08– 0,15) на 10 тыс. рождений, спинномозговой грыжи – 2,24 (95% ДИ 2,08–2,41) и энцефалоцеле – 0,25 (95% ДИ 0,20–0,31). Снижение числа и частоты пороков среди живорожденных по сравнению с общей частотой обеспечивается высоким уровнем выявления этих пороков при ультразвуковом исследовании беременных с последующей элиминацией пораженных плодов. Максимальная доля элиминированных плодов отмечается при анэнцефалии (90,5%), при энцефалоцеле доля абортированных плодов составляет 77,4%, при спинномозговых грыжах – 59,3%. За 7-летний период отмечены разнонаправленные тренды частот: тенденция к увеличению общей частоты дефектов нервной трубки и тенденция к снижению частоты этих пороков среди живорожденных детей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Получены оценки частот дефектов нервной трубки в регионах Российской Федерации. Динамика частот изучаемых пороков указывает, что снижение частоты дефектов нервной трубки среди живорожденных детей связана с мерами вторичной профилактики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neural tube defects – a group of severe congenital malformations with a high level of mortality, childhood disability. The average prevalence of these defects is approximately 1 per 1000 births. The main measures to reduce the prevalence of neural tube defects are primary and secondary prevention measures, the effectiveness of which can be determined by congenital malformations monitoring.</p><sec><title>Research purpose</title><p>Research purpose. To determine the prevalence of neural tube defects, as well as trends in their prevalence for 2011 to 2017 in the Russian Federation according to monitoring of congenital malformations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The total prevalence of anencephaly among newborns and fetuses was 4.63 (95% confidence interval - CI 4.40–4.88) per 10000 births, spina bifida – 6.18 (95% CI 5.91–6.46) and encephalocele 1.34 (95% CI 1.21–1.47). At the same time, the prevalence of anencephaly only among live births was 0.11 (95% CI 0.08–0.15) per 10000, spina bifida – 2.24 (95% CI 2.08–2.41) and encephalocele – 0 25 (95% CI 0.20–0.31). The decrease in prevalence of birth defects among live births compared with the total prevalence is provided by a high level of detection of these defects by ultrasound examination during pregnancy with the subsequent elimination of the affected fetuses. The maximum proportion of eliminated fetuses is observed for anencephaly (90.5%), for encephalocele the proportion of aborted fetuses is 77.4% and for spina bifida – 59.3%. Over the 7-year period, the multidirectional prevalence trends were noted: the increasing trend for total prevalence of neural tube defects and the decreasing trend for prevalence of these defects among live-born children.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Estimates of the prevalence of neural tube defects in Russian Federation regions are obtained. The dynamics of the studied defects prevalence indicates that the decreasing of neural tube defects prevalence among live births is associated with secondary prevention measures.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плоды</kwd><kwd>новорожденные</kwd><kwd>дефекты нервной трубки</kwd><kwd>популяционная частота</kwd><kwd>мониторинг</kwd><kwd>профилактика врожденных пороков развития</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fetuses</kwd><kwd>newborns</kwd><kwd>neural tube defects</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>monitoring</kwd><kwd>prevention of congenital malformations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках финансирования Госзадания «Значение профилактики врожденных пороков развития на основе оценки эпидемиологических данных (по данным мониторинга врожденных пороков развития в РФ)». Рег. № НИОКТР АААА-А18-118051590124-1</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of state Funding «The importance of the prevention of congenital malformations based on the assessment of epidemiological data (according to monitoring of congenital malformations in the Russian Federation». № NIOKTR АААА-А18-118051590124-1</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rofail D., Maguire L., Kissner M., Colligs A., Abetz-Webb L. A review of the social, psychological, and economic burdens experienced by people with spina bifida and their caregivers. Neurol Ther 2013; 2: 1–12. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.07.048</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rofail D., Maguire L., Kissner M., Colligs A., Abetz-Webb L. 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