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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-2-104-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-1117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУССИЯ И НАУЧНЫЕ ГИПОТЕЗЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCUSSION AND SCIENTIFIC HYPOTHESES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможности новых технологий геномного редактирования в лечении Х-сцепленной адренолейкодистрофии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New genome editing technologies in the treatment of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8491-0228</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воинова</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voinova</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воинова Виктория Юрьевна – д.м.н., гл. науч. сотр. отдела клинической генетики Научносследовательского клинического института педиатрии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева</p><p>125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vivoinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-0186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Школьникова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkolnikova</surname><given-names>M. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Школьникова Мария Александровна – д.м.н., проф., засл. деятель науки РФ, научный руководитель Научно-исследовательского клинического института педиатрии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева</p><p>125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7146-7220</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаева Екатерина Александровна – д.м.н., рук. отдела клинической генетики Научно-исследовательского клинического института педиатрии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева</p><p>125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии им. академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии им. академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1117">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1117</self-uri><abstract><p>Х-сцепленная адренолейкодистрофия – тяжелое прогрессирующее неврологическое заболевание, которое преимущественно встречается у пациентов мужского пола и вызывается мутациями Х-сцепленного гена ABCD1, кодирующего пероксисомный транспортный белок. Заболевание клинически характеризуется двумя основными фенотипами: детская церебральная форма (наиболее тяжелая) и адреномиелоневропатия. В лечении болезни применяются аллогенная трансплантация гемопоэтических клеток от здорового донора, что позволяет остановить прогрессирование, и генотерапия с использованием самоактивирующегося лентивирусного вектора, несущего функциональный ген ABCD1. Каждый из перечисленных методов имеет свои ограничения. Мы предлагаем и теоретически обосновываем альтернативный подход к лечению адренолейкодистрофии, при котором предлагается провести модификацию аутологичных клеток CD34+, полученных от самого пациента, с помощью геномного редактирования, что позволит заменить мутантную последовательность ДНК гена ABCD1 на последовательность дикого типа, при этом мутантный белок в редактированных клетках будет заменен. Способами введения редактированнных аутологичных клеток CD34+ могут быть их трансплантация в костный мозг или серия повторных внутривенных инфузий. Данный способ терапии позволит избежать как поиска донора, так и реакции «трансплантат против хозяина».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a severe progressive neurological disease that is predominantly found in male patients and caused by mutations in the X-linked ABCD1 gene encoding peroxisome transport protein. The disease is clinically characterized by two main phenotypes: the most severe infant cerebral form and adrenomyeloneuropathy. The disease is treated by allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic cells from a healthy donor to stop progression, and gene therapy with a self-activating lentiviral vector, the carrier of the functional gene ABCD1. Each method has its own limitations. The authors present and theoretically substantiate an alternative approach to the treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy; they propose to modify the autologous CD34+ cells from the patient using genomic editing, in order to replace the mutant DNA sequence of ABCD1 gene with a wild-type sequence, while replacing the mutant protein in the edited cells. The edited autologous CD34+ cells can be introduced by their transplantation into the bone marrow or by a series of repeated intravenous infusions. This method will allow avoiding both the search for a donor and the graft-versus-host reaction</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>Х-сцепленная адренолейкодистрофия</kwd><kwd>ген ABCD1</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>геномное редактирование</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas9</kwd><kwd>клетки CD34+</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy</kwd><kwd>ABCD1 gene</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>genome editing technology</kwd><kwd>CRISPR/Cas9</kwd><kwd>CD34+ cells</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ORPHANET. X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. https:// www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=43 (accessed on 03 Dec 2019.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ORPHANET. 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