perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-4-47-60perinatology-1200Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSХронический вирусный гепатит В у детей и подростков: современный взгляд на проблемуChronic viral hepatitis B in children and adolescents: a modern view of the problemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-9599ВолынецГ. В.VolynetsG. V.

Волынец Галина Васильевна — доктор медицинских наук, руководитель отдела гастроэнтерологии.

Moscow

volynec_g@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-8279ПанфиловаВ. Н.PanfilovaV. N.

Панфилова Виктория Николаевна — доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры педиатрии.

660022 Красноярск, ул. Партизана Железняка, д. 1

ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава РоссииРоссияVeltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. профессор В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава РоссииРоссияVoyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2020240920206544760Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20202020Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1200

Социальная и медицинская значимость хронического гепатита В обусловлена высокой распространенностью инфекции, невозможностью элиминации вируса из ткани печени, наличием оккультной формы инфекции, которая плохо диагностируется и при длительном существовании в организме человека может привести к таким грозным поражениям печени, как цирроз и гепатоцеллюлярная карцинома.

Цель

Цель. Обзор современного состояния проблемы хронического гепатита В у детей и подростков.

Результаты

Результаты. Приведены данные о строении вируса гепатита В (HBV), путях инфицирования, патогенезе заболевания, его течении, современных подходах к терапии, в том числе показаниях к лечению и особенности ведения пациентов с хронической HBV-инфекцией.

Заключение

Заключение. Несмотря на повсеместную вакцинацию детей против гепатита В, проблема этого заболевания остается актуальной. Имеются значительные трудности как в диагностике, так и в лечении, хотя появление препаратов прямого противовирусного действия для лечения детей и подростков обусловливают значительный прорыв в борьбе с этой инфекцией.

The social and medical significance of chronic hepatitis B is conditioned by a high prevalence of this infection, the impossibility of eliminating the virus from the liver tissue and the presence of an occult poorly diagnosed form of infection leading to formidable liver damage such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma over time.

Objective

Objective. To review the current state of chronic hepatitis B in children and adolescents.

Results

Results. The study presents the structure of hepatitis B virus (HBV), infection paths, the pathogenesis of the disease, its course, modern therapy approaches, including indications for treatment and management features of patients with chronic HBV infection.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Despite the widespread vaccination of children against hepatitis B, the problem remains relevant. There are significant difficulties in both diagnosis and treatment, although the direct antiviral drugs for children and adolescents are a significant breakthrough in the fight against this infection.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.