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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-5-12-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-1229</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярный стресс и хронические нарушения обмена веществ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular stress and chronic metabolic disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-8535</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрьева</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurieva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрьева Элеонора Александровна — доктор медицинских наук, проф., главный  научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической геномики и биоинформатики.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новикова Наталья Николаевна — доктор физико-математических наук, руководитель лаборатории рентгеновских исследований.</p><p>123182 Москва, пл. Академика Курчатова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-7748</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Длин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dlin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Длин Владимир Викторович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, и.о. директора.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-7858</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воздвиженская</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vozdvizhenskaya</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воздвиженская Екатерина Сергеевна — кандидат биологических наук, биолог лаборатории клинической патологии.</p><p>125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОСП Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии им. цакадемика Ю.Е. Вельтищева, ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИЦ Курчатовский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kurchatov Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1229">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1229</self-uri><abstract><p>Стрессы возникают в ответ на различные внешние и внутренние воздействия на организм. В секундо-минутный отрезок времени все ответные реакции организма переходят через изменение обменных процессов в развитие метаболических стрессов. Из них наиболее часто в литературе обсуждаются окислительный, нитрозативный и карбонильный стрессы, характеризующиеся накоплением в клетках и внеклеточной жидкости свободных радикалов и других активных форм кислорода, а также активных карбонильных соединений. Эти активные (сигнальные) молекулы являются мощными неспецифическими модификаторами структуры и функции белков, липидов, углеводов, вмешиваются в биоэнергетику. Активные сигнальные молекулы в небольших дозах необходимы для адаптивных реакций организма, вызывают торможение нарушений метаболизма, особенно белков, однако при избыточном накоплении приводят к патологическим процессам с выраженной модификацией белков с развитием сердечно-сосудистых, нейродегенеративных, аутоиммунных, соединительнотканных болезней и рака. Обсуждаются возможные меры защиты и профилактики от метаболических стрессов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Stress is the response of the organism to various external and internal events. All response reactions change from metabolic processes to metabolic stresses in minutes or even seconds. The scientists most often discuss oxidative, nitrosative and carbonyl stresses which are characterized by the accumulation of free radicals and other reactive oxygen species, as well as active carbonyl compounds, in the cells and extracellular fluid. These active (signal) molecules are powerful nonspecific modifiers of the structure and function of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and they interfere with bioenergetics. Small doses of active signal molecules are necessary for adaptive reactions of the body, they inhibit metabolic disorders, especially protein disorders, but their excessive accumulation causes pathological processes with pronounced modification of proteins and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, connective tissue diseases and cancer. The authors discuss possible protection and prevention measures of metabolic stress.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>метаболический стресс</kwd><kwd>сигнальные молекулы</kwd><kwd>модификация белков</kwd><kwd>хронизация патологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>metabolic stress</kwd><kwd>signal molecules</kwd><kwd>protein modification</kwd><kwd>chronicity of pathology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках финансирования Госзадания «Анализ клинико-генетического полиморфизма инвалидизирующих моногенных заболеваний у детей для прогнозирования их течения и определения молекулярных мишеней для оптимизации лечения» АААА-А18-118051790107-2</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Source of financing: The study was carried out within the framework of state Funding «Analysis of clinical and genetic polymorphism of disabled monogenic diseases in children to predict their course and identify molecular targets for optimizing treatment» АААА-А18-118051790107-2</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Космачевская О.В., Шумаев К.Б., Топунов А.Ф. 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