perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2021-66-3-70-76perinatology-1410Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESПредикторы развития бронхиальной астмы у детей дошкольного возраста с рекуррентным бронхообструктивным синдромомPredictors of bronchial asthma development in preschool children with recurrent broncho-obstructive syndromehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7143-8259ШаховаН. В.ShakhovaN. V.

Шахова Наталья Викторовна – к.м.н., врач аллерголог-иммунолог, доц. кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней

656038 Алтайский край, Барнаул, пр-т Ленина, д. 40

Barnaul

natalia.shakhova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-5355КамалтыноваЕ. М.KamaltynovaE. M.

Камалтынова Елена Михайловна – д.м.н., доц. кафедры факультетской педиатрии с курсом детских болезней лечебного факультета

634050 Томск, Московский тракт, д. 2 

Tomsk

eleant21@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-9230КашинскаяТ. С.KashinskayaT. S.

Кашинская Татьяна Сергеевна – асс. кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней

656038 Алтайский край, Барнаул, пр-т Ленина, д. 40 

Barnaul

БеловаО. Ю.BelovaO. Yu.

Белова Ольга Юрьевна – пульмонолог Детского городской больницы №1

656015 Алтайский край, Барнаул, ул. Деповская, д. 17 

Barnaul

ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияAltai State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияSiberian State Medical UniversityRussian FederationКраевое ГБУЗ «Детская городская больница №1»РоссияChildren’s City Hospital No.1Russian Federation2021010720216637076Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20212021Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1410

Цель исследования. Изучить предикторы формирования бронхиальной астмы к 5–6 годам жизни у детей 3–4 лет с рекуррентным бронхообструктивным синдромом.Характеристика детей и методы исследования. Проведено когортное проспективное исследование с участием 61 ребенка 3–4 лет с рекуррентным бронхообструктивным синдромом. Критерии включения: возраст 3–4 года; ≥3 эпизодов синдрома бронхиальной обструкции за прошедшие 12 мес; информированное добровольное согласие. На первом визите определяли уровни сывороточногопериостина, специфических IgE к ингаляционным аллергенам, общего IgE и числа эозинофилов крови. Через 24 мес, во время второго визита, проводили диагностику бронхиальной астмы на основании критериев GINA (updated 2019). Изучение предикторов развития бронхиальной астмы проводили с помощью бинарного логистического регрессионного анализа.Результаты. Через 24 мес от начала исследования у 29 (47%) детей с рекуррентным бронхообструктивным синдромом диагностирована бронхиальная астма. Не выявлено влияния уровня сывороточного периостина и общего IgE на риск развития бронхиальной астмы (p=0,194; p=0,269). Предикторами развития бронхиальной астмы по данным бинарной логистической регрессии служат отягощенный семейный аллергологический анамнез (отношение шансов – ОШ 3,81; 95% доверительный интервал – ДИ 1,14–12,74; p=0,015), наличие аллергического ринита (ОШ 4,94; 95% ДИ 1,37–7,80; p=0,0001), сенсибилизация к клещу Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (ОШ 1,80; 95% ДИ 1,36–1,13; p=0,045) и эозинофилия (ОШ 2,10; 95% ДИ 1,23–4,83; p=0,055).Заключение. Предикторами развития бронхиальной астмы к 5–6 годам жизни у детей с рекуррентным бронхообструктивным синдромом служат отягощенный семейный аллергологический анамнез, наличие аллергического ринита, сенсибилизация к клещу Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, эозинофилия.

Objective. To study predictors of bronchial asthma development in children of 3-4 years old with recurrent broncho-obstructive syndrome by 5-6 years of age.Material and methods. The authors conducted a prospective cohort study in 2018-2020 with the participation of 61 children aged 3–4 years with recurrent broncho-obstructive syndrome. Inclusion criteria: age 3–4 years; ≥ 3 episodes of broncho-obstructive syndrome in the past 12 months; informed voluntary consent. At the first visit the scientists determined the levels of serum periostin, specific inhalation allergens IgE, total IgE and the number of eosinophils in the blood. In 24 months, at the second visit, bronchial asthma was diagnosed based on the GINA criteria (updated 2019). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to study the predictors of bronchial asthma development.Results. In 24 months from the beginning of the study, bronchial asthma was diagnosed in 29 (47%) children with recurrent broncho-obstructive syndrome. The level of serum periostin and total IgE had no effect on the risk of developing bronchial asthma (p=0,194; p=0,269). According to binary logistic regression, the predictors of bronchial asthma development are burdened family allergic history (odds ratio – OR 3,81; 95% confidence interval – CI 1,14-12,74; p=0,015), allergic rhinitis (OR 4,94; 95% CI 1,37–7,80; p=0,0001), sensitization to the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (OR 1,80; 95% CI 1,36–1,13; p=0,045) and eosinophilia (OR 2,10 ; 95% CI 1,23-4,83; p=0,055).Conclusion. A burdened family allergic history, the presence of allergic rhinitis, sensitization to the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, eosinophilia are the predictors of bronchial asthma development in children with recurrent broncho-obstructive syndrome by 5-6 years of age.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.