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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2021-66-5-118-126</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-1491</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR THE PRACTITIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эхографические особенности структур головного мозга у детей, родившихся с очень низкой и экстремально низкой массой тела, в сопоставлении с клинической картиной</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Echographic features of brain structures in children born with very low and extremely low body weight, in comparison with the clinical picture</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7864-5090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миронова</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironova</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миронова Алена Константиновна – к.м.н., зав. Центром восстановительного лечения детей до 3 лет</p><p>125373, Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr_mironova1985@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Османов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osmanov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Османов Исмаил Магомедович – д.м.н., проф., гл. врач</p><p>125373, Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ватолин</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vatolin</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ватолин Константин Владимирович – д.м.н., проф. кафедры лучевой диагностики детского возраста</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милованова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milovanova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милованова Ольга Андреевна – д.м.н., проф. кафедры неврологии детского возраста</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самигулина</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samigulina</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самигулина Маргарита Геннадьевна – врач-невролог Центра восстановительного лечения детей до 3 лет</p><p>125373, Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комиссарова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komissarova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комиссарова Ольга Андреевна – клинический психолог, магистр кафедры «Социальной и дифференциальной психологии»</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница им. З.А. Башляевой ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashlyaeva Children’s Municipal Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Peoples’ Friendship University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1491">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1491</self-uri><abstract><p>Незрелость структур головного мозга глубоконедоношенных детей обусловливает особенности эхографической картины при рождении, а также в нео- и постнеонатальном периоде. В статье представлен анализ результатов ультразвуковых исследований головного мозга (от рождения до 18 мес корригированного возраста) в сопоставлении с клинико-лабораторными данными 489 глубоконедоношенных детей, родившихся с очень низкой и экстремально низкой массой тела. Сопоставление данных нейросонографии и результатов клинического обследования свидетельствуют, что эхографическая картина структур головного мозга глубоконедоношенных детей может отличаться от таковой у доношенных детей и в отсутствие неврологических проявлений не требует медикаментозной коррекции. Среди основных эхографических особенностей наиболее характерны умеренная дилатация подоболочечных пространств, боковых желудочков и цистерн мозга на протяжении первых лет жизни. Внутрижелудочковые кровоизлияния у глубоконедоношенных детей встречаются с высокой частотой, при этом внутрижелудочковые кровоизлияния III степени, а также перивентрикулярная и диффузная лейкомаляция служат прогностически неблагоприятными факторами, приводящими к развитию выраженного неврологического дефицита.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Immature brain structures of very premature infants determine the features of the echographic picture at birth, as well as in the neoand postneonatal period. The article presents an analysis of the results of ultrasound studies of the brain (from birth to 18 months of corrected age) in comparison with the clinical and laboratory data of 489 very premature infants born with very low and extremely low body weight. The comparison of neurosonographic data and the results of clinical examination indicate that the echographic picture of the brain structures of very premature infants may differ from that of the mature infants and it does not require medical correction in the absence of neurological manifestations. The most characteristic echographic features in the first years of life are moderate dilatation of the intrathecal spaces, lateral ventricles and cisterns of the brain. Intraventricular hemorrhages in deeply premature infants occur with a high frequency, while degree III intraventricular hemorrhages, as well as periventricular and diffuse leukomalacia, are prognostically unfavorable factors leading to the development of severe neurological defects.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>губоконедоношенные дети</kwd><kwd>очень низкая масса тела</kwd><kwd>экстремально низкая масса тела</kwd><kwd>головной мозг</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>deeply premature babies</kwd><kwd>very low body weight</kwd><kwd>extremely low body weight</kwd><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>ultrasound diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пыков М.И., Ватолин К.В., Быкова Ю.К., Милованова О.А. Детская ультразвуковая диагностика: Учебник. Том 3. Неврология. Сосуды головы и шеи. 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