perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2021-66-5-127-134perinatology-1492Research ArticleВ ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУFOR THE PRACTITIONERВозможности ультразвукового метода в диагностике краниосиностозов у детей первого года жизниPossibilities of the ultrasonography in the diagnosis of craniosynostosis in children of the first year of lifehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4723-7139ДжанджгаваН. Н.DzhandzhgavaN. N.

Джанджгава Нино Николаевна – врач отдела ультразвуковой диагностики в неонатологии и педиатрии

117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

Moscow

nnjdoc@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4509-4154СугакА. Б.SugakA. B.

Сугак Анна Борисовна – д.м.н., вед. науч. сотр. отдела ультразвуковой диагностики в неонатологии и педиатрии

117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-1736ФилипповаЕ. А.FilippovaE. A.

Филиппова Елена Александровна – к.м.н., зав. отделом ультразвуковой диагностики в неонатологии и педиатрии

117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2051-1855СатанинЛ. А.SataninL. A.

Сатанин Леонид Александрович – к.м.н., врач-нейрохирург 1-го нейрохирургического отделения (детская нейрохирургия)

125047, Москва, 4-я Тверская-Ямская ул., 16

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-6050КрючкоД. С.KryuchkoD. S.

Крючко Дарья Сергеевна – д.м.н., проф. кафедры неонатологии;  начальник управления трансляционной медицины и инновационных технологий

117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4

125310, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 30, стр. 1

Moscow

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияKulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and PerinatologyRussian FederationФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. академика Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава РоссииРоссияBurdenko National Medical Research Center of NeurosurgeryRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России; Федеральное медико-биологическое агентствоРоссияKulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology; Federal Medical and Biology AgencyRussian Federation202109122021665127134Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20212021Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1492

Краниосиностоз – преждевременное закрытие швов черепа, проявляющееся деформацией головы и требующее хирургического лечения. Для дифференциальной диагностики краниосиностоза и доброкачественных позиционных деформаций черепа у младенцев необходимо инструментальное обследование состояния швов черепа. Традиционно для этого используют лучевые методы – рентгенографию и компьютерную томографию с трехмерной реконструкцией. За последние два десятилетия накоплено большое количество данных о высокой информативности ультразвукового метода в оценке состояния швов черепа у детей. Ультразвуковое исследование широкодоступно, легко выполнимо, воспроизводимо, не требует седации пациента и не несет лучевой нагрузки, что особенно важно при обследовании детей раннего возраста. Отрицательный результат исследования позволяет исключить диагноз краниосиностоза, в то время как выявление сращения шва служит показанием к направлению ребенка на консультацию к хирургу и к дальнейшему обследованю. Ультразвуковой метод следует шире использовать в качестве скринингового при выявлении деформации головы и подозрении на краниосиностоз у детей первого года жизни.

Craniosynostosis is a premature closure of the skull sutures, manifested by deformation of the head requiring surgical treatment. An instrumental examination of the state of the cranial sutures is necessary for the differential diagnosis of craniosynostosis and benign positional deformities of the skull in infants. Traditionally, radiation methods, such as X-ray and computed tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction, are used for this purpose. Over the past two decades, we have accumulated a large amount of data on the high information content of the ultrasound method in assessing the state of the cranial sutures in children. Ultrasound examination is widely available, easy to perform, reproducible; it does not require sedation of the patient and does not carry radiation exposure, which is especially important when examining young children. A negative result of the study makes it possible to exclude the diagnosis of craniosynostosis, while the detection of suture fusion serves as an indication for referring the child to visit a surgeon and further examination. The ultrasound method should be more widely used as a screening method for detecting head deformity and suspicion of craniosynostosis in children of the first year of life.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.