perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2022-67-2-28-33perinatology-1615Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSКлинические проявления и диагностика COVID-19 у детейClinical manifestations and diagnosis of COVID-19 in childrenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3089-4151СаидоваА. Я.SaidovaA. Ya.

Саидова Азиза Якубжоновна — к.м.н., асс. кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней, гематологии

100140 Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 223

Tashkent

dr.aziza_saidova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1252-7988АшуроваД. Т.AshurovaD. T.

Ашурова Дилфуза Ташпулатовна — д.м.н., доц., зав. кафедрой пропедевтики детских болезней, гематологии

100140 Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 223

Tashkent

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9417-2345ХатамоваЗ. З.KhatamovaZ. Z.

Хатамова Зарина Зокировна — студентка IV курса I педиатрического факультета

100140 Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, д. 223

Tashkent

Ташкентский педиатрический медицинский институтУзбекистанTashkent Pediatric Medical InstituteUzbekistan2022080620226722833Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20222022Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1615

В конце 2019 г. в Китае произошла вспышка заболеваемости новой коронавирусной инфекцией, вызываемой вирусом SARS-CoV-2. Этот очень заразный вирус передается воздушно-капельным и контактным путями, но, вероятно, что среди детей также передается фекально-оральным путем. Острое респираторное заболевание переросло в пандемию, которая продолжается до настоящего времени. Имеющиеся данные предполагают наличие при COVID-19 у взрослого населения симптомов различной степени тяжести: легких, умеренных или тяжелых. При этом течение болезни у детей легче, чем у взрослых. Тяжелое течение COVID-19 было связано с развитием мультисистемного воспалительного синдрома или болезни Кавасаки. В дополнение к эпидемиологическому анамнезу, лабораторно-инструментальным исследованиям «золотым стандартом» этиологической диагностики COVID-19 считается выявление генетического материала — рибонуклеиновой кислоты вируса с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции с обратной транскрипцией. В связи с риском облучения компьютерная томография грудной клетки у детей рекомендуется только в случае подозрения на COVID-19.

В целях профилактики и предотвращения будущих эпидемий изучение путей передачи SARS-CoV-2 среди детского населения особенно важно, так как большинство бессимптомных случаев болезни встречаются у детей. Целью данного исследования является обзор основных клинических проявлений и диагностических методов при заболевании COVID-19 у детей.

At the end of 2019, an outbreak of a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, occurred in China. This virus is highly contagious, transmitted by different routes, such as airborne and contact, but most likely among children it is also transmitted by the fecal-oral route. The disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus is COVID-19. An acute infectious disease has become a pandemic and persists to this day. Currently available data suggests that symptoms of COVID-19 in the adult population may be mild, moderate, or severe. But among children, the course of the disease is very different from that in adults with a milder course. The severe course of COVID-19 among children has been associated with the development of multisystem inflammatory syndrome or Kawasaki disease. In addition to the epidemiological history, laboratory and instrumental analysis, the gold standard for the etiological diagnosis of COVID-19 is the identification of the genetic material — the ribonucleic acid of the virus using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Due to the risk of radiation, a chest CT scan in the pediatric population is only recommended when there is a suspicion of COVID-19. For the prophylaxis and prevention of future epidemics, studying the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among children is especially important, since the majority of asymptomatic cases of the disease occur in this population. So, the purpose of our study is to review the main clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods of COVID-19 in children.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.