perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2022-67-3-11-17perinatology-1646Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSВнутрижелудочковые кровоизлияния у глубоконедоношенных новорожденных: предикторы развитияIntraventricular hemorrhages in premature newborns: predictors of developmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8255-2877СарыеваО. П.SaryievaO. P.

 Сарыева Ольга Павловна — к.м.н., науч. сотр. лаборатории патоморфологии и электронной микроскопии. врач-патологоанатом

153045 Иваново, ул. Победы, д. 20

 Ivanovo 

saryevaolga@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0490-5686ПроценкоЕ. В.ProtsenkoE. V.

Проценко Елена Васильевна — д.м.н., зав. лабораторией патоморфологии и электронной микроскопии

153045 Иваново, ул. Победы, д. 20

 Ivanovo 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8962-9048КулидаЛ. В.KulidaL. V.

 Кулида Людмила Викторовна — д.м.н., вед. науч. сотр. лаборатории патоморфологии и электронной микроскопии

153045 Иваново, ул. Победы, д. 20 

 Ivanovo 

ФГБУ «Ивановский научно-исследовательский институт материнства и детства им. В.Н. Городкова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияGorodkov Ivanovo Research Institute of Maternity and ChildhoodRussian Federation2022080820226731117Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20222022Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1646

Внутрижелудочковое, или интравентрикулярное, кровоизлияние — наиболее распространенный тип повреждения головного мозга у новорожденных с экстремально низкой и очень низкой массой тела. Основным источником кровоизлияния у глубоконедоношенных служат сосуды вентрикулярной герминативной зоны или зародышевого матрикса. Внутрижелудочковые кровоизлияния обусловлены многими факторами, которые согласно современным взглядам, классифицируются на анте-, интра- и постнатальные. Наиболее важные среди них — внутриутробная инфекция, способная оказывать прямое и опосредованное воздействие на незрелые структуры головного мозга плода, сопутствующая патология сердечно-сосудистой системы у матери, осложнения беременности и родов (отслойка плаценты, стремительные роды, хроническая плацентарная недостаточность), нарушения коагуляции в сочетании с незрелостью системы гемостаза, а также патология органов сердечно-сосудистой и дыхательной систем новорожденных. Предикторы внутрижелудочкового кровоизлияния у глубоконедоношенных новорожденных (генетические, гемостазиологические, морфологические) требуют дальнейшего углубленного изучения, анализа и оптимизации применения с целью профилактики и снижения заболеваемости.

Intraventricular hemorrhage is the most common type of brain damage in infants with extremely low and very low body weight. The main source of intraventricular hemorrhages in premature infants are the vessels of the ventricular germinal zone, or germ matrix. Intraventricular hemorrhages are caused by many risk factors. The current concept is that predictors of development are classified into ante-, intra- and postnatal. The most significant among them is intrauterine infection, which can have a direct and indirect effect on the immature structures of the fetal brain. Also of great importance are the concomitant pathology of the cardiovascular system in the mother and complications of pregnancy and childbirth (placental abruption, rapid delivery, chronic placental insufficiency). On the part of the newborn, coagulation disorders in combination with immaturity of the hemostatic system, as well as pathology of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems are important. Predictors of intraventricular hemorrhages in premature infants (genetic, hemostasiological, morphological), require further study, analysis, and optimization of application in order to prevent and reduce the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhages.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.