perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2022-67-5-27-33perinatology-1697Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSОценка постурального контроля в детском возрастеAssessment of postural control in childrenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6102-6173СамсоноваТ. В,SamsonovaT. V.

д.м.н., вед. науч. сотр. отдела неонатологии и клинической неврологии детского возраста,

153045 Иваново, ул. Победы, д. 20

Ivanovo

tv_samsonovz@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2275-0104КривоноговВ. А.KrivonogovV. A.

мл. науч. сотр. отдела неонатологии и клинической неврологии детского возраста,

153045 Иваново, ул. Победы, д. 20

Ivanovo

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1545-7655НазаровС. Б.NazarovS. B.

д.м.н., проф., зам. дир. по научной работе,

153045 Иваново, ул. Победы, д. 20

Ivanovo

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2573-5420РыльскаяЮ. А.Ryl’skayaYu. A.

 мл. науч. сотр. отдела неонатологии и клинической неврологии детского возраста, 

153045 Иваново, ул. Победы, д. 20

Ivanovo

ФГБУ «Ивановский научно-исследовательский институт материнства и детства им. В.Н. Городкова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияGorodkov Ivanovo Research Institute of Maternity and ChildhoodRussian Federation2022161120226752733Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20222022Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1697

Актуальность темы обусловлена высокой частотой нарушений постурального контроля у пациентов с неврологической патологией и отсутствием единых подходов к их диагностике у детей. В статье представлены основные этапы формирования постурального контроля и механизмы поддержания равновесия в детском возрасте. Проведена оценка информативности существующих клинических шкал, применяемых для исследования отдельных компонентов постурального баланса у детей в клинической практике. Освещена диагностическая значимость функциональных методов оценки постурального контроля, среди которых особое внимание уделено компьютерной постурографии (стабилометрии) и акселерометрии. Представлены основные клинические и функциональные диагностические маркеры нарушения постурального баланса у детей разных возрастных и нозологических групп. Дальнейшие исследования в этой области позволят разработать наиболее объективные критерии нарушения постурального контроля в детском возрасте, что будет способствовать повышению эффективности лечебно-реабилитационных мероприятий. 

The relevance of the study is due to the high incidence of postural control impairment in patients with neurological diseases and lack of common approaches to their diagnosing in children. In this article we show the main stages in the formation of postural control and mechanisms of balance maintaining in childhood. We assessed the information content of existing clinical scales used to study components of postural balance in children in clinical practice. Also, we studied the diagnostic significance of functional methods for assessing postural control. Particular attention we paid to the study of the diagnostic significance of computer posturography (stabilometry) and accelerometry. We identified the main clinical and functional diagnostic markers of postural imbalance in children of different age and nosological groups. Further research in this area will make it possible to develop the most objective criteria for impaired postural control in childhood, which will increase the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation measures. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.