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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2022-67-5-135-142</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-1714</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>К XVIII РОССИЙСКОМУ КОНГРЕССУ «ПЕДИАТРИЯ И ДЕТСКАЯ ХИРУРГИЯ В ПРИВОЛЖСКОМ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОКРУГЕ». ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие и анатомо-физиологические особенности почек у недоношенных новорожденных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development and anatomo-physiological features of kidneys in premature newborns</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6445-0893</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даминова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Daminova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доц. кафедры педиатрии и неонатологии им. проф. Е.М. Лепского, </p><p>420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daminova-maria@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6445-0893</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафина</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safina</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой педиатрии и неонатологии им. проф. Е.М. Лепского, </p><p>420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанская государственная медицинская академия, филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch Campus of the Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>135</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1714">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1714</self-uri><abstract><p>Недоношенный ребенок, нуждающийся в реанимационных мероприятиях после рождения, подвергается воздействию повреждающих факторов, влияющих на весь организм, в том числе на почки. В обзоре рассмотрены этапы развития и определены основные анатомо-физиологические особенности почек у недоношенных детей. Основным фактором риска развития патологии, связанной с незрелостью почек у недоношенных, служит несовершенные клубочковая и канальцевая функции почек, большая капиллярная поверхность почек, высокий почечный кровоток, несовершенная регуляция кислотно-основного состояния и способность к концентрированию, которые под влиянием внешних нагрузок становятся несостоятельными. Любой повреждающий фактор в антенатальный период у недоношенных детей ввиду анатомо-физиологических особенностей и несовершенного компенсаторного ответа почек может безвозвратно изменить структуру почек, что приведет к развитию в дальнейшем хронической болезни почек. Правильная организация ведения недоношенных новорожденных с учетом анатомо-физиологических особенностей почек позволит значительно снизить риск развития тяжелых осложнений и смертности среди недоношенных новорожденных и улучшить перспективный клинический прогноз у таких детей. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A premature baby in need of resuscitation after birth is exposed to damaging factors that affect the entire body, including the kidneys. The review considers the stages of development and identifies the main anatomical and physiological features of the kidneys in premature babies. The main risk factor for the development of pathology associated with immaturity of the kidneys in preterm infants is imperfect glomerular and tubular functions of the kidneys, a large capillary surface of the kidneys, high renal blood flow, imperfect regulation of the acid-base balance, and the ability to concentrate, which become untenable under the influence of external loads. Any damaging factor in the antenatal period in premature infants, considering the anatomical and physiological characteristics and the imperfect compensatory response from the kidneys, can permanently change the structure of the kidneys, which will lead to the development of chronic kidney disease in the future. Proper management of premature newborns, considering the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the kidneys, will significantly reduce the risk of severe complications and mortality among premature newborns, and improve the long-term clinical prognosis in such children. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новорожденные</kwd><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd><kwd>недоношенность</kwd><kwd>почки</kwd><kwd>нефрон</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>newborns</kwd><kwd>premature birth</kwd><kwd>prematurity</kwd><kwd>kidneys</kwd><kwd>nephron</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mazaheri M., Rambod M. Risk factors analysis for acute kidney injury in the newborn infants, predictive strategies. Iran J Kidney Dis 2019; 13: 310-315</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazaheri M., Rambod M. 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