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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-1-47-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-1775</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническая эффективность антилейкотриеновой терапии у детей с острыми бронхитами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical efficacy of antileukotriene therapy in children with acute bronchitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0740-1718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мизерницкий</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mizernitskiy</surname><given-names>Yu. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мизерницкий Юрий Леонидович — засл. работник здравоохранения РФ, д.м.н., проф., зав. отделом хронических воспалительных и аллергических болезней легких</p><p>127412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8771-5230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаймоленко</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaymolenko</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаймоленко Инесса Никандровна — д.м.н., проф.</p><p>672000 Чита, ул. Горького, д. 39 А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chita</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1796-2711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марковская</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markovskaya</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марковская Анжелика Игоревна — к.м.н., асс. кафедры педиатрии</p><p>672000 Чита, ул. Горького, д. 39 А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chita</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anzhelika_petrova_1992@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9670-9211</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапова</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapova</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Потапова Наталья Леонидовна — к.м.н., зав. каф. поликлинической педиатрии</p><p>672000 Чита, ул. Горького, д. 39 А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chita</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. академика Ю.Е. Вельтищева» ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1775">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1775</self-uri><abstract><p>Повторные эпизоды бронхообструкции у детей дошкольного возраста — один из важных факторов риска развития бронхиальной астмы.Цель исследования. Изучение клинико-иммунологической характеристики детей с острыми бронхитами и определение клинической эффективности курсовой противовоспалительной терапии.Материалы и методы. В одноцентровое проспективное когортное исследование включены пациенты 1–5 лет с острым бронхитом (основная группа, n=109): подгруппы с острым простым бронхитом (n=34) и острым обструктивным бронхитом (n=75). Группу сравнения составили дети II группы здоровья (n=29). Использованы клинико-анамнестические и лабораторные методы. Пациенты с положительным API (Asthma Predictive Index) принимали монтелукаст в дозе 4 мг перорально однократно в сутки курсом 3 мес (контрольные точки — в 1 и 3 мес), пациенты группы сравнения — симптоматическую терапию при острой респираторной инфекции. Конечная точка исследования — отсутствие бронхообструкции. Эффективность применения монтелукаста оценивалась путем расчета клинического индекса, коэффициента эффективности. Результаты. Установлено статистически значимое преобладание интоксикационных симптомов у пациентов с простым бронхитом (р=0,02), признаков дыхательной недостаточности (р&lt;0,001) и периферической эозинофилии — у детей с обструктивным бронхитом (р=0,02). У пациентов с обструктивным бронхитом в этиологии статистически значимо превалировал риновирус, у пациентов с простым бронхитом — респираторно-синцитиальный вирус (р=0,02). Цитокиновый профиль пациентов с обструктивным бронхитом характеризуется снижением уровней макрофагальных белков воспаления (р=0,01) и интерлейкина-8 (р=0,048). Пролонгированный курс монтелукаста у детей с положительным API статистически значимо уменьшает тяжесть течения последующих острых респираторных инфекциях, снижает частоту обструкции бронхов и риск формирования бронхиальной астмы (р&lt;0,001).Заключение. Оценка результатов терапии монтелукастом продемонстрировала клиническую эффективность у пациентов с положительным индексом API.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recurrent episodes of bronchial obstruction in preschool children are one of the important risk factors for the development of bronchial asthma.Purpose. The study aimed at investigating the clinical and immunological characteristics of children with acute bronchitis and to determine the clinical effectiveness of course anti-inflammatory therapy.Material and methods. The study was a single-center prospective cohort, including 1–5-year-old patients with acute bronchitis (main group, n = 109): a group with acute simple bronchitis (n = 34) and acute obstructive bronchitis (n = 75). Reference group: children of health group 2 (n = 29). Clinical and anamnestic and laboratory methods were used. Patients with a positive API (Asthma Predictive Index) were administered montelukast at a dose of 4 mg orally once a day for 3 months (control points at 1 and 3 months), reference patients received symptomatic therapy for respiratory infection. The end point of the study is the absence of bronchial obstruction. The effectiveness of the use of Montelukast was evaluated by calculating the clinical index, efficiency coefficient. Results. A statistically significant predominance of intoxication symptoms was found in patients with acute simple bronchitis (p = 0.02), signs of respiratory failure (p &lt; 0.001), and peripheral eosinophilia — in children with acute obstructive bronchitis (p = 0.02). In etiology, rhinovirus significantly prevailed in patients with bronchial obstruction, and RS virus prevailed in patients with acute simple bronchitis (p = 0.02). The cytokine profile of patients with acute obstructive bronchitis is characterized by a decrease in the levels of macrophage inflammatory proteins (p = 0.01) and IL-8 (p = 0.048). A prolonged course of montelukast in children with a positive API significantly reduces the severity of subsequent acute respiratory infections, reduces the frequency of bronchial obstruction and the risk of bronchial asthma (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion. Evaluation of the results of montelukast therapy demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with a positive API index.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>острый бронхит</kwd><kwd>бронхообструктивный синдром</kwd><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>монтелукаст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>acute bronchitis</kwd><kwd>bronchial obstructive syndrome</kwd><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>montelukast</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Геппе Н.А., Иванова Н.А., Камаев А.В., Колосова Н.Г., Кондюрина Е.Г., Малахов А.Б. и др. Бронхиальная обструкция на фоне острой респираторной инфекции у детей дошкольного возраста: диагностика, дифференциальная диагностика, терапия, профилактика. 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