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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-4-32-XX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-1845</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническая адаптация и состояние врожденного и гуморального иммунитета у недоношенных детей с экстремально низкой массой тела, получавших орофарингеальное введение молозива</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical adaptation and the state of innate and humoral im- munity of premature infants with extremely low body weight who received oropharyngeal administration of colostrum</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0852-6766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чистякова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chistyakova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гузель Нуховна Чистякова, д. м. н., проф., рук. отделения</p><p>отделение иммунологии, микробиологии, патоморфологии и цитодиагностики</p><p>620028</p><p>ул. Репина д. 1</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chistyakovagn@niiomm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-4642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ремизова</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Remizova</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Ивановна Ремизова, к. б. н., ст. науч. сотр. </p><p>отделение иммунологии, микробиологии, патоморфологии и цитодиагностики</p><p>620028</p><p>ул. Репина д. 1</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-6754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маханек</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhanek</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Алексеевна Маханек, мл. науч. сотр.</p><p>отделение иммунологии, микробиологии, патоморфологии и цитодиагностики</p><p>620028</p><p>ул. Репина д. 1</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2900-4422</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абакарова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abakarova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Диана Арсеновна Абакарова, мл. науч. сотр., врач-неонатолог</p><p>отделение физиологии и патологии новорожденных и детей раннего возраста</p><p>620028</p><p>ул. Репина д. 1</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1116-3214</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кадочникова</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadochnikova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Андреевна Кадочникова, очный асп., врач-неонатолог</p><p>620028</p><p>ул. Репина д. 1</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-7585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бычкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bychkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Владимировна Бычкова, к. м. н., вед. науч. сотр.</p><p>организационно-методический отдел</p><p>620028</p><p>ул. Репина д. 1</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-7652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Устюжанин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ustyuzhanin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Владимирович Устюжанин, к. м. н., вед. науч. сотр.</p><p>отделение иммунологии, микробиологии, патоморфологии и цитодиагностики</p><p>620028</p><p>ул. Репина д. 1</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8183-0089</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шакирова</surname><given-names>К. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakirova</surname><given-names>K. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Павловна Шакирова, к. м. н., врач–анестезиолог-реаниматолог, аспирант</p><p>отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии новорожденных</p><p>620028</p><p>ул. Репина д. 1</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Уральский научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и младенчества» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Scientific Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1845">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1845</self-uri><abstract><p>   Грудное молоко — оптимальный продукт питания недоношенных детей. Однако тяжелое состояние недоношенных новорожденных обусловливает необходимость проведения комплекса первичной реанимационной помощи в условиях родильного блока, что делает невозможным осуществление раннего прикладывания к груди и начала грудного вскармливания. В настоящее время неонатальным сообществом активно обсуждается вопрос об иммунных эффектах альтернативного метода орофарингеального введения молозива на адаптацию ребенка в условиях внеутробного существования.</p><sec><title>   Цель исследования</title><p>   Цель исследования. Оценка клинических исходов, состояния моноцитарного звена иммунитета, продукции sIgA в копрофильтратах у недоношенных детей с экстремально низкой массой тела, получавших молозиво в первые часы жизни.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. Обследованы 39 недоношенных детей с экстремально низкой массой тела, получавших орофарингеальное введение молозива. Методом проточной лазерной цитофлуориметрии определяли экспрессию моноцитов CD14+CD282+, CD14+CD284+, CD14+НLA-DR, СD14+CD64+, CD14+CD11b+, CD14+CD11c+ и фагоцитарную способность мононуклеаров в сыворотке крови. Концентрацию секреторного IgA оценивали в копрофильтратах.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. У недоношенных детей, не получавших молозиво орофарингеально, отмечалось повышение лейкоцитарного фагоцитоза, уровня экспрессии моноцитов, что было обусловлено повышенной инфекционной заболеваемостью. Мукозальный иммунитет детей, получавших молозиво, характеризовался повышенной концентрацией секреторного IgA.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. У детей, получавших орофарингеальное введение молозива, наблюдаются более быстрая коррекция транзиторной гипогликемии после рождения, меньшая продолжительность парентерального питания, большая масса тела к моменту выписки, снижение частоты развития инфекционной патологии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Breast milk is the optimal food for premature infants. However, the serious condition of premature newborns requires a complex of primary resuscitation care in the maternity unit, which makes it impossible to carry out early attachment to the breast and start breastfeeding. Currently, the neonatal community is actively discussing the immune effects of an alternative method of oropharyngeal administration of colostrum on the child’s adaptation to extrauterine existence.</p><sec><title>   Purpose</title><p>   Purpose. To assess the clinical outcomes, the state of the monocytic immunity, the production of sIgA in coprofiltrates in premature infants with extremely low body weight who received colostrum in the first hours of life.</p></sec><sec><title>   Material and methods</title><p>   Material and methods. 39 premature infants with extremely low body weight who received oropharyngeal administration of colostrum were examined. The expression of CD14+CD282+, CD14+CD284+, CD14+HLA-DR, CD14+CD64+, CD14+CD11b+, CD14+CD11c+ monocytes and the phagocytic ability of mononuclear cells in blood serum were determined by laser flow cytometry. The secretory IgA concentration was assessed in coprofiltrates.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. In premature infants who did not receive oropharyngeal colostrum, there was an increase in leukocyte phagocytosis, the level of monocyte expression, which was due to an increased infectious morbidity. Mucosal immunity of children who received colostrum was characterized by an increased concentration of secretory IgA.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. It was found that children who received oropharyngeal administration of colostrum have a faster correction of transient hypoglycemia after birth, a shorter duration of parenteral nutrition, greater body weight at the time of discharge, and a decrease in the incidence of infectious pathology.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>недоношенные дети</kwd><kwd>орофарингеальное введение молозива</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>newborn infants</kwd><kwd>extremely low birth weight</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>oropharyngeal colostrum</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Unicef. 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