perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-66-XXperinatology-1850Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESОсобенности кишечной микробиоты у детей с хроническими заболеваниями печениFeatures of the gut microbiota in children with chronic liver diseaseshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-9599ВолынецГ. В.VolynetsG. V.

Галина Васильевна Волынец, д. м. н., гл. науч. сотр., рук. отдела, проф.

отдел гастроэнтерологии

факультет дополнительного профессионального образования

кафедра инновационной педиатрии и детской хирургии

125412

ул. Талдомская, д. 2

Москва

Moscow

volynec_g@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-2373ПотаповА. С.PotapovA. S.

Александр Сергеевич Потапов, д. м. н., проф., гл. науч. сотр., зав. отделением

гастроэнтерологическое отделение с гепатологической группой

119296

Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 1

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8837-9243НикитинА. В.NikitinA. V.

Артем Вячеславович Никитин, к. м. н., вед. науч. сотр., асс., врач-гастроэнтеролог

отдел гастроэнтерологии

факультет дополнительного профессионального образования

кафедра гастроэнтерологии

гастроэнтерологическое отделение

125412

ул. Талдомская, д. 2

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4479-3095ДаниловЛ. Г.DanilovL. G.

Лаврентий Глебович Данилов, биоинформатик, мл. науч. сотр.

лаборатория «CERBALAB»

кафедра генетики и биотехнологии

199106

Большой просп. Васильевского острова, д. 90, корп. 2

Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6525-8665СкворцоваТ. А.SkvortsovaT. A.

Тамара Андреевна Скворцова, к. м. н., вед. науч. сотр., доц., зав. отделением, гл. внештатный детский специалист-гастроэнтеролог

отдел гастроэнтерологии

факультет дополнительного профессионального образования

кафедра 2 гастроэнтерологии

отделение гастроэнтерологии

125412

ул. Талдомская, д. 2

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-5218ДудуричВ. В.DudurichV. V.

Василиса Валерьевна Дудурич, биолог-генетик, рук. отдела

лаборатория «CERBALAB»

отдел «Микробиом»

199106

Большой просп. Васильевского острова, д. 90, корп. 2

Санкт-Петербург

Saint Petersburg

ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. академика Ю. Е. Вельтищева» (Институт Вельтищева) ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н. И. Пирогова Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияVeltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationФГАУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Children’s HealthRussian FederationОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. академика Ю. Е. Вельтищева» (Институт Вельтищева) ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н. И. Пирогова Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ «Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница ДЗМ»РоссияVeltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Morozov Children’s Municipal Clinical Hospital of the Moscow City Health DepartmentRussian FederationМедико-генетический центр «CERBALAB»; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»РоссияMedical Genetic Center CERBALAB; Saint Petersburg State UniversityRussian Federation2023070920236846676Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20232023Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1850

   Значение оси печень–кишечник все больше признается в качестве основного модулятора аутоиммунитета. Сравнительный анализ данных о таксономическом разнообразии кишечной микробиоты при хронических заболеваниях печени у детей отсутствует.

   Цель исследования

   Цель исследования. Изучение таксономического разнообразия кишечной микробиоты у детей с хроническими заболеваниями печени по сравнению со здоровыми пациентами; выявление различий по бактериальному разнообразию при аутоиммунных и неаутоиммунных заболеваниях печени, а также влияния иммуносупрессивной терапии на кишечную микробиоту.

   Материал и методы

   Материал и методы. Проведен метагеномный анализ кишечной микробиоты у 24 детей с хроническими заболеваниями печени (средний возраст 10,3 ± 4,7 года) с выделением региона V3–V4 гена 16S рРНК. В группу вошли 18 детей с аутоиммунными заболеваниями печени и 6 детей с неаутоиммунными заболеваниями печени. Контрольную группу составили образцы кала 34 условно здоровых детей.

   Результаты

   Результаты. При сравнении образцов кала детей с аутоиммунными заболеваниями печени с образцами здоровых детей преобладали таксоны Bacteroides dorei, Collinsella aerofaciens, Ruminococcus caffidurs, а у детей контрольной группы — Neisseria flavescens. При сравнении образцов пациентов с неаутоиммунными заболеваниями печени и контрольной группы установлено, что у здоровых детей преобладали таксоны Bacteroides fragilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bifidobacterium longum. При сравнении образцов кала детей с аутоиммунными и неаутоиммунными заболеваниями печени обнаружено, что у пациентов с неаутоиммунными заболеваниями доминируют таксоны Veillonella dispar, Cloacibacillus porcorum, Veillonella parvula, Prevotella histicola и Bacteroides eggerthii. У детей с аутоиммунными заболеваниями печени доминирующих таксонов кишечной микробиоты не выявлено. Установлено, что у пациентов, получающих иммуносупрессивную терапию, преобладают таксоны Veillonella dispar, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia inulinivorans, Bacteroides xylanisolvens и Alistipes obesi, у пациентов, не получающих иммуносупрессивную терапию, преобладают таксоны Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, Bacteroides ovatus,Solobacterium moorei, Holdemanella biformis и Blautia massiliensis.

   Заключение

   Заключение. Исследование кишечной микробиоты у детей с хроническими заболеваниями печени показывает различия в дисбалансе кишечной микробиоты по сравнению с результатами, полученными у взрослых. Модель кишечной микробиоты позволяет отличить аутоиммунные заболевания печени от неаутоиммунных заболеваний. Иммуносупрессивная терапия сопровождается доминированием таксонов, которые снижают продукцию короткоцепочечных жирных кислот.

   The value of the liver–gut axis is increasingly recognized as a major modulator of autoimmunity. There is no comparative analysis of data on the taxonomic diversity of the intestinal microbiota in chronic liver diseases in children.

   Purpose

   Purpose. To investigate the taxonomic diversity of the intestinal microbiota in children with chronic liver diseases compared with healthy patients, to identify differences in bacterial diversity in autoimmune and non-autoimmune liver diseases, as well as the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on the intestinal microbiota.

   Material and methods

   Material and methods. A metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiota of 24 children with chronic liver diseases (mean age 10,3 ± 4,7 years) was carried out with the identification of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The group included 18 children with autoimmune liver diseases and 6 children with non-autoimmune liver diseases. The control group consisted of fecal samples of 34 apparently healthy children.

   Results

   Results. When comparing fecal samples of children with autoimmune liver diseases with samples of healthy children, the taxa of Bacteroides dorei, Collinsella aerofaciens, Ruminococcus caffidurs prevailed, and for children of the control group — Neisseria flavescens. When comparing samples of patients with non-autoimmune liver diseases and the control group, it was found that the taxa Bacteroides fragilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bifidobacterium longum prevailed in healthy children. When comparing fecal samples from children with autoimmune and non-autoimmune liver diseases, it was found that Veillonella dispar, Cloacibacillus porcorum, Veillonella parvula, Prevotella histicola and Bacteroides eggerthii taxa dominate in patients with non-autoimmune diseases. No dominant taxa of the gut microbiota were found in children with autoimmune liver diseases. It has been established that the taxa Veillonella dispar, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia inulinivorans, Bacteroides xylanisolvens and Alistipes obesi prevail in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, and the taxa Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, Bacteroides ovatus, Solobacterium mooreis and Holdemanella massilien prevail in patients not receiving immunosuppressive therapy.

   Conclusion

   Conclusion. A recent study of the gut microbiota in children with chronic liver disease shows differences in the imbalance of the gut microbiota compared to the results obtained in adults. The gut microbiota model is capable of distinguishing autoimmune liver diseases from non-autoimmune diseases. Immunosuppressive therapy is accompanied by the dominance of taxa that reduce the production of short-chain fatty acids.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.