perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-5-11-16perinatology-1868Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSОсобенности эндокринной регуляции пластических процессов у недоношенных детей и детей, малых для гестационного возрастаSpecific features of endocrine regulation of plastic processes in premature infants and children small for gestational agehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2783-5759ШайдуллинаМ. Р.ShaydullinaM. R.

Шайдуллина Мария Рустемовна — к.м.н., доц., зав. отделением эндокринологии Детской Республиканской клинической больницы, доц. кафедры эндокринологии 

420138 Казань, ул. Оренбургский тракт, д. 140;420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49

Kazan

zizi97@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-2009-2772МансуроваА. Т.MansurovaA. T.

Мансурова Альфия Талгатовна — ординатор кафедры эндокринологии 

420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49

Kazan

ГАУЗ «Детская Республиканская клиническая больница» Минздрава Республики Татарстан; ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияChildren’s Republic Clinical Hospital; Kazan State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияKazan State Medical UniversityRussian Federation2023141120236851116Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20232023Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1868

Дети с низкой массой тела при рождении подвержены высокому риску возникновения ожирения и ассоциированных с ожирением заболеваний в будущем. В статье идентифицированы факторы риска и биомаркеры, обладающие наибольшей прогностической ценностью в отношении развития указанных метаболических заболеваний. Низкие концентрации инсулиноподобного фактора роста 1-го типа у детей c низкой массой тела при рождении ассоциированы с адипогенезом. Низкий уровень лептина может быть рассмотрен как биомаркер «догоняющего» роста. Эффекты внутриутробного воздействия лептина имеют долгосрочные последствия как детском, так и в подростковом возрасте. Уровень адипонектина положительно коррелирует с ожирением в раннем возрасте, но не в последующем. Быстрый темп постнатального роста ассоциирован с возникновением метаболического синдрома. Заключение. Особенности эндокринной регуляции роста и динамики пластических процессов у недоношенных детей и детей, малых для гестационого возраста, сопряжены с избыточным накоплением жировой ткани, что может служить функциональным механизмом метаболического программирования отдаленных эндокринных и кардиометаболических нарушений.

Low-birthweight and preterm infants have high risk of obesity and obesity-related diseases in the future. This review article identifies risk factors and endocrine biomarkers with greatest predictive value to the metabolic diseases development. Low concentrations of IGF-1 in low-birthweight children are associated with adipogenesis. Low leptin levels may be considered as a biomarker of catch-up growth. Long term programming effects of in utero exposure to leptin extend beyond infancy into early childhood. Adiponectin levels are positively correlated with obesity in early life, but not at ages older than three years. Rapid postnatal growth rate is associated with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion. Specific features of endocrine regulation of growth and dynamics of plastic processes in premature infants and SGA children are associated with excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, which can function as a mechanism for metabolic programming of distant endocrine and cardiometabolic disorders.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.