perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2023-68-6-15-23perinatology-1901Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSГенетические аспекты развития врожденных аномалий почек и мочевых путейGenetic aspects of the development of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tracthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2059-8121КурсоваТ. С.KursovaT. S.

Курсова Татьяна Сергеевна — лаборант-исследователь отдела информационных технологий и мониторинга

125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0942-0103МорозовС. Л.MorozovS. L.

Морозов Сергей Леонидович — к.м.н., вед. науч. сотр. отдела наследственных и приобретенных болезней почек им. проф. М.С. Игнатовой; доц. кафедры госпитальной педиатрии №2 педиатрического факультета

125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2

Moscow

mser@list.ruБайкоС. В.BaikoS. V.

Байко Сергей Валерьевич — д.м.н., проф. кафедры детских болезней

220083 Республика Беларусь, Минск, пр. Дзержинского, д. 83

Minsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0942-0103ДлинВ. В.DlinV. V.

Длин Владимир Викторович — д.м.н., проф., рук. отдела наследственных и приобретенных болезней почек им. проф. М.С. Игнатовой, зам. дир. по научной работе в педиатрии

125412 Москва, ул. Талдомская, д. 2

Moscow

ОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» (Институт Вельтищева) ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава РоссииРоссияVeltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationОСП «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева» (Институт Вельтищева) ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияVeltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationУО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»БеларусьBelarusian State Medical UniversityBelarus2023100120246861523Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20242024Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1901

Врожденные аномалии почек и мочевых путей (congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, CAKUT) включают широкий спектр структурных аномалий, которые развиваются в результате нарушения морфогенеза почек и/или мочевых путей. Во всем мире среди пациентов младше 21 года с хронической болезнью почек 40–50% имеют CAKUT. Большинство врожденных аномалий органов мочевой системы диагностируется внутриутробно или в течение первых месяцев жизни ребенка, что определяет дальнейшую тактику его ведения в зависимости от тяжести CAKUT и степени снижения фильтрационной функции почек. В статье излагаются современные данные о причинах развития аномалий органов мочевой системы, приводятся примеры научных исследований, которые направлены на прогнозирование возникновения пороков развития, рассматриваются ранние маркеры заболевания. Таким образом, проблема аномалий органов мочевой системы остается актуальной несмотря на значительный вклад генетики в понимание патогенеза и прогнозирования развития CAKUT.

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) include a wide range of structural anomalies that develop as a result of impaired morphogenesis of the kidneys and/or urinary tract. CAKUT accounts for about 40–50% of patients under 21 with chronic kidney disease worldwide. Most congenital anomalies of the urinary system are diagnosed in utero or during the first months of a child’s life, which determines further tactics for managing a child, depending on the severity of CAKUT and the degree of decrease in the filtration function of the kidneys. The article provides modern data on the causes of the development of anomalies of the urinary system, provides examples of the development of scientific areas that will be aimed at predicting the occurrence of malformations. In addition, early markers of the disease are considered. Thus, the problem of anomalies of the urinary system remains relevant to the present despite the significant contribution of genetics to understanding the pathogenesis and predicting the development of CAKUT.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.