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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2024-69-2-42-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-1969</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основы рациональной антибиотикотерапии в амбулаторной педиатрии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamentals of rational antibiotic therapy in outpatient pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2521-7617</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гузикова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guzikova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гузикова Александра Васильевна - орд.</p><p>350063 Краснодар, ул. им. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vkomissiya@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6328-0076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мешков</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meshkov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мешков Всеволод Сергеевич - асс. кафедры факультетской педиатрии</p><p>350063 Краснодар, ул. им. Митрофана Седина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnodar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0346-8990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исламгулов</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Islamgulov</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исламгулов Алмаз Ханифович - асс. кафедры поликлинической педиатрии</p><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Викторова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viktorova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Викторова Софья Андреевна - асс. кафедры поликлинической педиатрии</p><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0656-7365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савиева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savieva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савиева Аделия Семеновна - студент</p><p>1127006 Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8960-8466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гейбуллаева</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Geibullaeva</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гейбуллаева Алина Завидовна - студент</p><p>197341 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4496-5471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агабеков</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agabekov</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агабеков Владислав Юрьевич - студент</p><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валеева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valeeva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5812-7743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Базылова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazylova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Базылова Алия Василовна - орд.</p><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6003-5646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сагитова</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sagitova</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сагитова Диана Ирековна - орд.</p><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насипов</surname><given-names>М. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasipov</surname><given-names>M. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Насипов Муслим Умарович - орд.</p><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-9076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неганова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neganova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Неганова Алина Антоновна - студент</p><p>295007 Симферополь, просп. академика Вернадского, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simferopol</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8511-7632</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайгафарова</surname><given-names>Л. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saigafarova</surname><given-names>L. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сайгафарова Лиана Даларисовна -студент</p><p>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yevdokimov Moscow State Medical and Dental University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова», Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yevdokimov Moscow State Medical and Dental University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет им. В.И. Вернадского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vernadsky Crimean Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1969">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/1969</self-uri><abstract><p>Антибиотики — одна из наиболее часто назначаемых групп препаратов в амбулаторной педиатрической практике. До сих пор существуют разногласия относительно необходимости применения антибактериальной терапии и оптимальной схемы дозирования антибактериальных препаратов для многих инфекций, с которыми ежедневно сталкиваются педиатры. Авторы провели поиск публикаций в электронных базах данных PubMed, Google Scholar и ELibrary по ключевым словам «pediatric», «antibiotics», «antibiotic resistance», «outpatient pediatrics», «педиатрия», «антибиотики», «антибиотикорезистентность», «амбулаторная педиатрия». Последние исследования показывают, что неосложненные детские инфекционные заболевания у вакцинированных детей можно лечить более короткими курсами антибиотиков. Рациональное применение антибактериальных препаратов в амбулаторной педиатрической практике имеет огромное значение для снижения резистентности к ним. Поскольку первым этапом в выборе тактики лечения является установление этиологии заболевания, будущие исследования должны в большей степени сосредоточиться на выявлении потенциальных биомаркеров и диагностических тестов, позволяющих проводить экспресс-диагностику этиологии инфекционного заболевания, а также на оптимизации дозирования и продолжительности курсов антибиотикотерапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Antibiotics are one of the most prescribed groups of drugs in outpatient pediatric practice. To date, there are still disagreements about the need for the use of antibiotics and the optimal dosage regimen for many infections that pediatricians face daily. The authors conducted a search for publications in the PubMed, Google Scholar and eLibrary by the following keywords: «pediatric,» «antibiotics,» «antibiotic resistance,» «outpatient pediatrics» in English, and «педиатрия,» «антибиотики,» «антибиотикорезистентность,» «амбулаторная педиатрия» in Russian. Recent studies show that uncomplicated childhood infectious diseases in vaccinated children can be treated with shorter courses of antibiotics. The rational use of antibiotics in outpatient pediatric practice is of great importance for reducing resistance to them. Since the first step in choosing treatment tactics is to establish the etiology of the disease, future research should focus more on identifying potential biomarkers and diagnostic tests that allow rapid diagnosis of the etiology of an infectious disease, as well as optimizing the dosage and duration of antibiotic therapy courses.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>антибиотикотерапия</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>амбулаторная педиатрия</kwd><kwd>внебольничная пневмония</kwd><kwd>тонзиллит</kwd><kwd>острый средний отит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>antibiotic therapy</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>outpatient pediatrics</kwd><kwd>community-acquired pneumonia</kwd><kwd>tonsillitis</kwd><kwd>acute otitis media</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хайрутдинова А.Г., Кулагина Л.Ю., Валиуллина И.Р. 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