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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2024-69-4-31-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2025</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Значимость Т-рецепторных и каппа-делеционных рекомбинационных эксцизионных колец как молекулярных маркеров в оценке состояния новорожденных различного гестационного возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Significance of T-receptor and kappa-deletion recombina- tion excision rings as molecular markers in the assessment of newborns of different gestational ages</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-3454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Николаевна Волкова, врач–анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p><p>отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии № 5</p><p>394066; Московский пр-т, д. 151 Б; Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Voronezh</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-0484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ипполитова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ippolitova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Ивановна Ипполитова, д. м. н., зав. кафедрой, ; гл. внештатный неонатолог Воронежской области</p><p>кафедра неонатологии и педиатрии</p><p>394036;  ул. Студенческая, д. 10; Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Voronezh</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>БУЗ ВО «Воронежская областная клиническая больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh Burdenko State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2025">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2025</self-uri><abstract><p>   Существует большое количество исследований у новорожденных, рожденных раньше срока, у которых отмечено снижение уровня Т-рецепторных и каппа-делеционных рекомбинационных эксцизионных колец (TREC и KREC), что свидетельствует о нарушении функционирования Т- и/или В-клеточного звеньев иммунитета. Остаются актуальными исследования, направленные на углубленное изучение причинно-значимых факторов, приведших к снижению оцениваемых показателей.</p><sec><title>   Цель исследования</title><p>   Цель исследования. Определить влияние соматометрических параметров и пренатальных факторов на уровень TREC и KREC у новорожденных, а также оценить динамику этих показателей в зависимости от гестационного возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 203 новорожденных в гестационном возрасте от 22 до 41 нед. Образцы крови брали в рамках проведения неонатального скрининга. Методом ПЦР выделяли TREC и KREC из пятен сухой крови, нанесенных на карты Гатри. Оцениваемые показатели проанализированы в зависимости от срока гестации, соматометрических данных и пренатальных факторов (способ родоразрешения, число плодов в беременности). Статистический анализпроводили с использованием программы StatTech v. 4.1.4.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Установлено, что при увеличении гестационного возраста на 1 нед повышается уровень KREC на 44,610·105 в 1 мкл (rxy = 0,271; p &lt; 0,001), уровень TREC — на 27,274·105 в 1 мкл (rxy = 0,264; p = 0,002). По данным линейного регрессионного анализа выявлены прямые слабые связи между уровнями TREC и KREC и антропометрическими данными. У детей из многоплодных беременностей уровни TREC были достоверно выше, чем у новорожденных из одноплодных беременностей (р &lt; 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Иммунная система недоношенных новорожденных способна вырабатывать адекватное количество TREC и KREC. В период с 22-й по 28-ю неделю происходит наиболее интенсивное увеличение оцениваемых показателей, после чего их уровень относительно стабилизируется. Поскольку у недоношенных новорожденных отмечается тенденция к снижению уровня TREC и KREC, чрезвычайно важна комплексная оценка динамики этих показателей в зависимости от значимых пренатальных и соматометрических данных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Currently, there is a large number of studies indicating that preterm infants have reduced levels of T-receptor and kappa-deletion recombination excision rings (TREC and KREC) as indicators of impaired T- and/or B-cell immunity. Studies aimed at in-depth study of the causative factors that led to the decrease in the estimated indicators remain relevant.</p><sec><title>   Purpose</title><p>   Purpose. Determination of the influence of somatometric parameters and prenatal factors on the level of TREC and KREC in newborns, as well as evaluation of the dynamics of these indicators from gestational age.</p></sec><sec><title>   Material and methods</title><p>   Material and methods. The study included 203 neonates with gestational ages ranging from 22 to 41 weeks. TREC and KREC were isolated by PCR from dried blood spots on Guthrie cards. Blood sampling was performed as part of neonatal screening. The estimated parameters were analyzed according to gestational age, somatometric data and prenatal factors (mode of delivery, number of fetuses in pregnancy). Statistical analysis was performed using the StatTech v. 4.1.4 software.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. It was found that the increase in gestational age by 1 week increases the KREC level by 44.610·105 (rxy = 0.271, p &lt; 0.001), TREC level by 27.274·105 (rxy = 0.264, p = 0.002). Linear regression analysis showed weak direct relationships between TREC and KREC levels and anthropometric data. Children from multiple pregnancies had significantly higher TREC values than infants from singleton pregnancies (p &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. The immune system of premature newborns is capable of producing adequate amounts of TREC and KREC. Between 22 and 28 weeks of age, the most intense increase in the assessed indicators occurs, after which their levels relatively stabilize. Since TREC and KREC levels tend to decrease in preterm newborns, a comprehensive evaluation of the dynamics of these indicators depending on significant prenatal and somatometric data is extremely important.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новорожденные</kwd><kwd>Т-рецепторное эксцизионное кольцо</kwd><kwd>каппа-делеционное рекомбинационное эксцизионное кольцо</kwd><kwd>неонатальный скрининг</kwd><kwd>недоношенность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>T-cell receptor excision circle</kwd><kwd>kappa-deleting recombination excision circle</kwd><kwd>neonatal screening</kwd><kwd>prematurity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы данной статьи подтвердили отсутствие конфликта интересов и финансовой поддержки, о которых необходимо сообщить</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors of this article confirmed the lack of conflict of interest and financial support, which should be reported</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marinova M., Georgyeva А., Yordanova V., Ivanov N., Atanasova V., Naumova E. et al. 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