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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2024-69-5-86-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2070</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патоморфоз острого среднего отита у детей: когда педиатрическая инфекция становится хирургической?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pathomorphosis of acute otitis media in children: when does a pediatric infection become surgical?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1535-4112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абраменкова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramenkova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абраменкова Анастасия Сергеевна – врач-педиатр</p><p>420138 Казань, Оренбургский тракт, д. 140</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-6489</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лучкина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luchkina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лучкина Елена Владимировна – зав. отделением ЛОР</p><p>420138 Казань, Оренбургский тракт, д. 140</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9669-2707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андреева Ирина Геннадьевна – к.м.н., врач-оториноларинголог</p><p>420138 Казань, Оренбургский тракт, д. 140</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-3202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамлеев</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamleev</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мамлеев Раушан Нурович – к.м.н., доц. кафедры госпитальной педиатрии</p><p>420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Детская республиканская клиническая больница» Минздрава Республики Татарстан</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2070">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2070</self-uri><abstract><p>Частота развития осложнений острого среднего отита у детей в виде мастоидитов имеет тенденцию к росту. Проанализированы 57 историй болезни детей, которым была выполнена антромастоидотомия. Причинами терапевтических неудач в терапии острых средних отитов служат недооценка прививочного статуса, отсутствие антибиотикотерапии, назначение антибиотиков в низких дозах или коротким курсом, использование препаратов без антипневмококковой активности, назначение только топической терапии. Учет этих факторов позволит снизить необходимость хирургических вмешательств при этой педиатрической инфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The incidence of complications from acute otitis media in children, such as mastoiditis, tends to increase. We analyzed 57 case histories of children who had undergone an anthromastoidotomy. The main reasons for treatment failures in acute otitis media include underestimating the vaccination status of the child, lack of antibiotic therapy, prescribing antibiotics in low doses or for a short period of time, using drugs that are not active against pneumococcal infections, and prescribing only topical therapy. Considering these factors can reduce the need for surgery in pediatric patients with this infection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>острый средний отит</kwd><kwd>острый мастоидит</kwd><kwd>антромастоидотомия</kwd><kwd>антибиотикотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>acute otitis media</kwd><kwd>acute mastoiditis</kwd><kwd>anthromastoidotomy</kwd><kwd>antibiotic therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Локшина Э.Э., Рычкова Т.И., Куликова Е.В., Остроухова И.П., Кузнецов Г.Б. Новые возможности терапии и профилактики острых респираторных инфекций у детей. Медицинский совет 2022; 16(19): 53–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lokshina Е.Е., Rychkova Т.I., Kulikova E.V., Ostroukhova I.P., Kuznetsov G.B. 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