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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2024-69-5-119-125</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2076</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR THE PRACTITIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ранняя диагностика расстройств аутистического спектра у детей: что должен знать педиатр</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders in children: what pediatricians should know</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-8037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курмаева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurmaeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курмаева Елена Анатольевна – к.м.н., доц. кафедры госпитальной педиатрии</p><p>420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9687-4583</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьева Наиля Анасовна – к.м.н., доц. кафедры госпитальной педиатрии</p><p>420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-2629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулакова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulakova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулакова Галина Александровна – к.м.н., доц. кафедры госпитальной педиатрии</p><p>420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4147-2309</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волгина</surname><given-names>С. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volgina</surname><given-names>S. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волгина Светлана Яковлевна – д.м.н., проф. кафедры госпитальной педиатрии</p><p>420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8868-2613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудницкая</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudnitskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рудницкая Ангелина Алексеевна – врач-невролог</p><p>420061 Казань, ул. Бари Галеева, д. 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0553-4349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухаметшина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhametshina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухаметшина Алсу Альбертовна – студентка VI курса педиатрического факультета</p><p>420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Детская городская больница № 8»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Children’s City Hospital № 8</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2076">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2076</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема расстройства аутистического спектра у детей в настоящее время весьма актуальна. На территории Российской Федерации наблюдается стремительный рост частоты расстройств аутистического спектра и увеличение числа детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья с данным диагнозом, что делает детский аутизм важной медико-социальной проблемой. Необходимо обучить педиатров диагностическим критериям для раннего выявления указанного расстройства. К основным методам диагностики относится наблюдение за развитием ребенка, и здесь ведущая роль принадлежит участковому педиатру. От знаний врача во многом зависит, насколько своевременно будет установлен диагноз и назначено соответствующее вмешательство, что приведет к положительному результату и предотвратит прогрессирование симптомов. Необходимо внимательно прислушиваться к жалобам семьи на нарушения в развитии ребенка или особенности поведения. По данным проведенного нами исследования, 32% семей не получили своевременной помощи. Наиболее частая жалоба, которую предъявляли родители, – задержка речевого развития, нарушение коммуникации ребенка. Для выявления расстройств аутистического спектра врач должен регулярно оценивать нервно-психическое развитие, наблюдать за ребенком в различных ситуациях, чтобы оценить его поведение и взаимодействие с окружающими. При обнаружении отклонений необходимо провести анкетирование с помощью опросника M-CHAT (Модифицированный список контрольных вопросов для выявления аутизма у детей) и направить пациента на консультацию к психиатру. Наше исследование продемонстрировало необходимость в повышении знаний маркеров расстройств аутистического спектра для педиатров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The issue of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children is a significant concern at present. In the Russian Federation, there has been a rapid increase in the incidence of ASD and the number of children diagnosed with this condition, making childhood autism a major medical and social issue. Pediatricians need to be trained in the diagnostic criteria for early identification of this disorder. The main diagnostic methods involve monitoring the child’s development, with the district pediatrician playing a crucial role. The knowledge and expertise of the doctor significantly influences the timeliness of diagnosis and the prescription of appropriate interventions, which can lead to positive outcomes and prevent further symptom progression. It is essential for pediatricians to carefully listen to families’ concerns about any developmental or behavioral issues in their children. According to our research, 32% of families did not receive timely assistance. The most common complaint made by parents was delayed speech development and impaired communication. To identify autism spectrum disorders, doctors should regularly assess a child’s neuropsychiatric development and monitor them in various situations to assess their behavior and interaction with others. If any deviations are detected, a questionnaire such as the M-CHAT (a modified list of questions for detecting autism in children) should be used and the patient referred to a psychiatrist for further consultation. Our study highlighted the need for pediatricians to better understand the signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorders.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>расстройства аутистического спектра</kwd><kwd>педиатры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>autism spectrum disorders</kwd><kwd>pediatricians</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Расстройства аутистического спектра. 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