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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-1-11-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2133</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полногеномное секвенирование для выявления однородительских дисомий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Whole-genome sequencing for the identification of uniparental disomy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7015-1208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сучко</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suchko</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сучко Павел Александрович - магистрант</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Surgut</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0191-7342</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данилова Александра Артемовна - мл. науч. сотр., асп.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3282-5521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пинковская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pinkovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пинковская Екатерина Викторовна - лаборант-исследователь; студентка</p><p>628403 Сургут, пр. Ленина, д. 1</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Surgut</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0091-2224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глотов</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glotov</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глотов Олег Сергеевич - д.б.н., зав. отделом экспериментальной медицинской вирусологии, молекулярной генетики и биобанкинга; ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>197022 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4479-3095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилов</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilov</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данилов Лаврентий Глебович - асп.; мл. науч. сотр.</p><p>Сургут</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Surgut</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>БУ ВО Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа - Югры «Сургутский государственный университет»; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Surgut State University; Saint Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней Федерального медико-биологического агентства России»; ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии им. Д.О. Отта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases; Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2133">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2133</self-uri><abstract><p>Однородительские дисомии хромосом — вид хромосомных вариаций, при которых обе гомологичные хромосомы или хромосомные области наследуются от одного родителя. Такие вариации зарегистрированы для всех хромосом. Частота однородительских дисомий составляет 1 случай на 2000 родов. Причины возникновения однородительских дисомий включают ошибки в ходе мейоза, постзиготические ошибки, робертсоновские и реципрокные транслокации. Клинические проявления связаны с потерей гетерозиготности по патогенным генетическим вариантам и дефектами геномного импринтинга.В настоящее время диагностика однородительских дисомий осуществляется с использованием таких методов, как микросателлитный анализ, хромосомный микрочиповой анализ, метилчувствительная полимеразная цепная реакция (ПЦР), метилспецифическая амплификация зонда, зависящего от мультиплексного лигирования, а также секвенирование нового поколения (NGS). Применяемые методы по отдельности не позволяют однозначно установить наличие однородительской дисомии. Комбинация метода NGS, одновременно оценивающего статус метилирования ДНК и области потери гетерозиготности, в частности, основанного на фрагментации геномной ДНК метилзависимыми эндонуклеазами, с классическими подходами, такими, как метилчувствительная ПЦР и микросателлитное тестирование, позволит осуществлять быструю и точную диагностику однородительских дисомий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Uniparental disomy is a type of chromosomal variation leading to in which both homologous chromosomes or chromosomal regions are inherited from one parent. Such variations have been detected for all chromosomes. The frequency of uniparental disomies is estimated at 1 case per 2000 births. The causes of uniparental disomies include errors during meiosis, postzygotic errors, Robertsonian and reciprocal translocations. Clinical manifestations are associated with loss of heterozygosity for pathogenic genetic variants and defects in genomic imprinting.Currently, the diagnosis of uniparental disomy is performed using methods such as microsatellite analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis, methyl-sensitive PCR, methyl-specific amplification of a probe dependent on multiplex ligation and next-generation sequencing (NGS). The methods used nowadays separately do not allow for a definitive diagnosis of uniparental disomy. A combination of NGS method that simultaneously assesses the DNA methylation status and regions of loss of heterozygosity, in particular those based on fragmentation of genomic DNA by methyl-dependent restriction enzymes, with classical approaches such as methyl-sensitive PCR and microsatellite testing will enable rapid and accurate diagnosis of uniparental disomies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>однородительские дисомии</kwd><kwd>NGS-секвенирование</kwd><kwd>хромосомные перестройки</kwd><kwd>метилирование ДНК</kwd><kwd>нарушения импринтинга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>uniparental disomies</kwd><kwd>NGS</kwd><kwd>chromosomal rearrangements</kwd><kwd>DNA methylation</kwd><kwd>imprinting disorders</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Фонда научно-технологического развития Югры в рамках научного проекта № 2023–569–05.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by Foundation for Scientific and Technological Development of Yugra according to the research project № 2023–569–05.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsubara K., Kagami M., Fukami M. 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