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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-5-42-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2283</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническая диагностика пневмоний, обусловленных атипичными микроорганизмами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical diagnostics of pneumonia caused by atypical microorganisms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-5512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халиуллина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaliullina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Халиуллина Светлана Викторовна — д.м.н., проф. кафедры детских инфекций.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svekhal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-9081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анохин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anokhin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анохин Владимир Алексеевич — д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой детских инфекций.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7853-3312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздняк</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyak</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поздняк Валерий Александрович — к.м.н., ассистент проф. кафедры детских инфекций.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4522-3094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гатауллин</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gataullin</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гатауллин Марат Ринатович — глав. врач.</p><p>420110, Казань, Проспект Победы, д.83</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420110, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1059-9013</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гильмутдинова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gilmutdinova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гильмутдинова Аделя Ринатовна — студент группы 2502.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6364-7104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айбатова</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aibatova</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айбатова Гульназ Ильдусовна — врач-инфекционист отделения № 6.</p><p>420110, Казань, Проспект Победы, д.83</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420110, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Республиканская клиническая инфекционная больница имени профессора А.Ф. Агафонова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2283">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2283</self-uri><abstract><p>Начиная с 2023 года, отмечается подъем заболеваемости пневмониями, вызванными атипичными бактериями, в первую очередь, Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Атипичные возбудители имеют ряд общих признаков: они не культивируются обычными микробиологическими методами, относятся к облигатным или факультативным внутриклеточным паразитам, нередко вызывают внелегочные симптомы и, что важно для клиницистов, из-за отсутствия клеточной стенки они не реагируют на β-лактамные антибиотики.</p><p>Цель исследования выявить клинико-лабораторные особенности пневмоний, ассоциированных с M.pneumoniae и C.pneumoniae у детей, госпитализированных в инфекционный стационар.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ 355 историй болезни детей, госпитализированных в инфекционный стационар с диагнозом атипичная пневмония. Пациенты были разделены на группы: 298 пациентов с микоплазменной пневмонией, 22 ребенка с хламидийной пневмонией и 35 детей с сочетанием M.pneumoniae и C.pneumoniae.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и выводы</title><p>Результаты и выводы. Современные атипичные пневмонии у госпитализированных детей отличаются острым началом с развитием лихорадки (79%, 280/355), астении (90%, 319/355) и кашля (94,5%, 336/355). Одышка развивается у 30% (105/355), дыхательная недостаточность при этом, в большинстве случаев, умеренная, в респираторной поддержке нуждается только 13% (48/355) госпитализированных. Чаще процесс имеет правосторонний характер (46,8%, 166/355), аускультативные признаки имеются у 82% (293/355) детей. Внелегочные проявления в виде поражения желудочно-кишечного тракта и кожных покровов регистрируются в среднем у 7–15%.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Since 2023, there has been an increase in the incidence of pneumonia caused by atypical bacteria, primarily Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Atypical pathogens have several common features: they are not cultured by conventional microbiological methods, are obligate or facultative intracellular parasites, often cause extrapulmonary symptoms and, importantly for clinicians, due to the absence of a peptide cell wall, they do not respond to β-lactam antibiotics.</p><p>The aim of the study was to identify clinical and laboratory features of pneumonia associated with M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae in children hospitalized in an infectious diseases hospital.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 355 medical records of children hospitalized in an infectious diseases hospital with a diagnosis of atypical pneumonia was conducted. The patients were divided into groups: 298 patients with mycoplasma pneumonia, 22 children with chlamydial pneumonia and 35 children with a combination of M.pneumoniae and C.pneumoniae.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusions</title><p>Results and conclusions. Modern atypical pneumonia in hospitalized children is characterized by an acute onset with the development of fever (79%, 280/355), asthenia (90%, 319/355) and cough (94.5%, 336/355). Dyspnea develops in 30%, 105/355, respiratory failure in most cases is moderate, only 13%, 48/355 of hospitalized patients need respiratory support. More often, the process is right-sided (46.8%, 166/355), auscultatory signs are present in 82%, 293/355 children. Extrapulmonary manifestations in the form of damage to the gastrointestinal tract and skin are recorded in an average of 7–15%.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>атипичные пневмонии</kwd><kwd>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Chlamydia pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>дифференциальный диагноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>atypical pneumonia</kwd><kwd>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>Chlamydia pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Халиуллина С.В., Анохин В.А., Гатауллин М.Р., Павлова Т.Ю., Валиев Р.И. К вопросу об этиологии внебольничных пневмоний у детей. Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии. 2024; 69(5): 13–21. 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