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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-5-56-62</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2285</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цитокиновый профиль у детей с моно- и сочетанными вариантами COVID-19 и герпесвирусных инфекций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cytokine profile in children with mono- and mixed COVID-19 and herpesvirus infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7853-3312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздняк</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnyak</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поздняк Валерий Александрович — к.м.н., ассистент кафедры детских инфекций.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valera.pozdnyak1996@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-5512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халиуллина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaliullina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Халиуллина Светлана Викторовна — д.м.н., проф. кафедры детских инфекций.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-9081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анохин</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anokhin</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анохин Владимир Алексеевич — д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой детских инфекций.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1348-728X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раимова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Raimova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раимова Юлия Алексеевна — аспирант кафедры детских инфекций.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3707-6511</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валеева</surname><given-names>И. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valeeva</surname><given-names>I. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валеева Ильдария Хайрулловна — д.б.н., старший научный сотрудник Центральной научно-исследовательской лаборатории.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2674-2857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарипова</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garipova</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарипова Ильгамия Данифовна — врач-инфекционист, заведующий отделением № 6.</p><p>420110, Казань, Проспект Победы, д. 83</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420110, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5036-0270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тагирова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tagirova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тагирова Лейла Ильдаровна — студентка 5-го курса лечебного факультета.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0149-669X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карташова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartashova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карташова Светлана Александровна — студентка 5-го курса лечебного факультета.</p><p>420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>420012, Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ «Республиканская клиническая инфекционная больница имени профессора А.Ф. Агафонова» Минздрава Республики Татарстан</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Agafonov Republican Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2285">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2285</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить клиническое значение изменений цитокинового профиля у детей с мононуклеозоподобным синдромом, ассоциированным с SARS-CoV-2 и герпесвирусной инфекцией.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 100 детей, госпитализированные с диагнозом «COVID-19», «герпесвирусная инфекция», протекавших с клиникой мононуклеозоподобного синдрома. Группу 1 составили 15 пациентов COVID-19 в сочетании с герпесвирусной инфекцией (СИ, n=15); группу 2 — 27 детей с COVID-19 без герпесвирусной инфекции; группу 3 — 58 пациентов с активной герпесвирусной инфекцией. Проводилось исследование уровня цитокинов (ИЛ-1, ИЛ-2, ИЛ-4, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-8, ИЛ-10, ФНО-α, ИФН-α, ИФН-γ) в крови с оценкой возможной связи полученных результатов с клинико-лабораторными показателями.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Уровни ИЛ-4 (16,4 пг/мл) и ИЛ-10 (32,9 пг/мл) были самыми высокими в группе 1. Существенного повышения основных провоспалительных цитокинов (ИЛ-1, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-8, ФНО-α) не наблюдали, за исключением ИЛ-2, уровень которого был примерно в 2 раза выше нормы при сочетанной инфекции (23,3 пг/мл) и значительно выше при моноинфекции COVID-19 (52 пг/мл), а также при герпесвирусных инфекциях, протекающих в моноварианте (57,4 пг/мл). Корреляционный анализ показал наличие связи между изменением уровня провоспалительных цитокинов и длительностью госпитализации, лихорадкой (ИЛ-2, ИЛ-8), одышкой (ИЛ-1, ИЛ-2, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-8, ФНО-α), лимфаденопатией (ИЛ-1, ИЛ-6, ФНО-α); аналогичные эффекты регистрировали у ИФН-γ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Цитокиновый профиль у детей с сочетанной SARS-CoV-2 и герпесвирусной инфекцией характеризуется умеренным повышением уровня ИЛ-2, что косвенно указывает на супрессию пролиферации и дифференцировки CD8+ лимфоцитов — ключевых для иммунологического надзора над латентными герпесвирусами. Повышенная продукция ИЛ-4 и ИЛ-10 при сочетанной инфекции демонстрирует смещение иммунного ответа в сторону Th2-профиля. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что активная SARS-CoV-2-инфекция создает условия для реактивации латентных герпесвирусов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Study aim is to assess the clinical significance of changes in the cytokine profile in children with mononucleosis-like syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 and herpesvirus infection.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 100 children hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19, herpesvirus infection, with clinical manifestations of mononucleosis-like syndrome. Group 1 consisted of 15 patients with COVID-19 combined with herpesvirus infection (SI, n=15); group 2 — 27 children with COVID-19 without herpesvirus infection; group 3 — 58 patients with active herpesvirus infection. The levels of cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-α, IFN-γ) in the blood were investigated, and the relationship between the obtained results and clinical-laboratory parameters was assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The levels of IL-4 (16.4 pg/mL) and IL-10 (32.9 pg/mL) were the highest in the CoI group. Significant elevation of major proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) was not observed, excepting IL-2. The level of IL-2 was approximately twice the normal value in the co-infection group (23.3 pg/mL) and significantly higher in the COVID-19 monoinfection group (52 pg/ mL) and in monovariant herpesvirus infections (57.4 pg/mL). Correlation analysis revealed associations between changes in proinflammatory cytokine levels and the duration of hospitalization, fever (IL-2, IL-8), dyspnea (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α), and lymphadenopathy (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α); similar effects were recorded for IFN-γ.</p><p>Discussion and conclusion. The cytokine profile in children with combined SARS-CoV-2 and herpesvirus infection is characterized by a moderate increase in IL-2 levels, which indirectly indicates suppression of proliferation and differentiation of CD8⁺ lymphocytes — key factors in the immunological surveillance of latent herpesviruses. Increased production of IL-4 and IL-10 in CoI demonstrates a shift in the immune response towards a Th2 profile. The obtained data suggest that active SARS-CoV-2 infection creates conditions for the reactivation of latent herpesviruses.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>герпесвирусы</kwd><kwd>цитокиновый профиль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>herpesviruses</kwd><kwd>cytokine profile</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнялась при финансовой поддержке ФГБОУ ВО "Казанский ГМУ" МЗ РФ (Грант № 2/22–1 от 01.08.2022). Исследование одобрено локальным этическим комитетом ФГБОУ ВО "Казанский ГМУ" Минздрава России (протокол № 6 от 20.06.2023)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of the Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Grant No. 2/22–1 dated 08/01/2022). 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