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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-6-11-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2308</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антенатальная диагностика и применение методов фетальной хирургии обструктивных уропатий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Аntenatal diagnosis and application of fetal surgery methods for obstructive uropathies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8876-6232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцык</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsyk</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яцык Сергей Павлович — член-корр. РАН, д.м.н., проф. кафедры детской хирургии С.Я. Долецкого</p><p>125993, г. Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>125993, Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6893-3737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмедов</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmedov</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахмедов Юсуфжон Махмудович — д.м.н., зав. кафедрой детской хирургии № 2</p><p>140100, г. Самарканд, ул. Амира Темура, д. 18 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>140100, Samarkand </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5943-8208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмедов</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmedov</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахмедов Исломжон Юсуфжонович — д.м.н, ассистент кафедры детской хирургии № 2</p><p>140100, г. Самарканд, ул. Амира Темура, д. 18 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>140100, Samarkand </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">isiksambo7070@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самаркандский Государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samarkand State Medical University</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2308">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2308</self-uri><abstract><p>Обструктивные уропатии представляют собой группу заболеваний, характеризующихся нарушением нормального оттока мочи через мочевыводящие пути, что может вызвать серьезные патологии у новорожденных и младенцев. Применение малоинвазивных и широко распространенных методов диагностики, таких как ультразвуковое исследование, имеет важное значение для установления правильного диагноза и выбора оптимальной тактики ведения беременности. Целью обзора является проведение комплексного анализа возможностей пренатальной диагностики, критериев прогноза и современных методов внутриутробного лечения обструктивных уропатий для улучшения перинатальных исходов. Проведен систематический обзор данных ультразвукового и магнитно-резонансного исследований плода, оценка эффективности классификационных систем (SFU, UTD), а также анализ результатов внутриутробных вмешательств (везико-амниальное шунтирование, фетальная цистоскопия, нефроамниальное шунтирование).Антенатальный гидронефроз встречается с частотой 1:750–1:1500, при этом 50–70% случаев носят транзиторный характер. Ключевые прогностические критерии: диаметр лоханки ≥15 мм, двустороннее поражение, маловодие, гиперэхогенность паренхимы, наличие кистозных изменений. Современные методы пренатальной диагностики позволяют своевременно выявлять критические формы обструктивных уропатий. Пренатальное ультразвуковое исследование демонстрирует чувствительность 78–91%, однако в сложных случаях требуется дополнительное проведение магнитно-резонансной томографии (чувствительность до 92%). Внутриутробные вмешательства (шунтирование, цистоскопия) повышают перинатальную выживаемость на 20–30%, но их влияние на долгосрочную функцию почек остается предметом дискуссий. Мультидисциплинарный подход, включающий динамическое наблюдение, консультации специалистов и антенатальные вмешательства, способен значительно улучшить перинатальные исходы. Однако для оптимизации тактики ведения необходимы дальнейшие исследования, направленные на оценку отдаленных результатов внутриутробного лечения и разработку новых малоинвазивных технологий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Obstructive uropathies are a group of diseases characterized by an impairment of the normal outflow of urine through the urinary tract, which can cause serious pathologies in newborns and infants. The use of minimally invasive and widely available diagnostic methods, such as ultrasound, is essential for establishing a correct diagnosis and choosing the optimal management strategy for pregnancy. The aim of this review is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the possibilities of prenatal diagnosis, prognostic criteria, and modern methods of intrauterine treatment of obstructive uropathies to improve perinatal outcomes. A systematic review of fetal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging data was conducted, an assessment of the effectiveness of classification systems (SFU, UTD), and an analysis of the results of intrauterine interventions (vesico-amniotic shunting, fetal cystoscopy, nephro-amniotic shunting). Antenatal hydronephrosis occurs with a frequency of 1:750–1:1500, with 50–70% of cases being transient. Key prognostic criteria include: pelvic diameter ≥15 mm, bilateral involvement, oligohydramnios, hyperechogenicity of the parenchyma, and the presence of cystic changes. Modern methods of prenatal diagnosis allow for the timely detection of critical forms of obstructive uropathies. Prenatal ultrasound demonstrates a sensitivity of 78–91%; however, in complex cases, it needs to be supplemented with magnetic resonance imaging (sensitivity up to 92%). Intrauterine interventions (shunting, cystoscopy) increase perinatal survival by 20–30%, but their impact on long-term renal function remains a subject of debate. A multidisciplinary approach, including dynamic monitoring, specialist consultations, and antenatal interventions, can significantly improve perinatal outcomes. However, further research aimed at evaluating the long-term results of intrauterine treatment and developing new minimally invasive technologies is necessary to optimize management strategies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>уропатии</kwd><kwd>почки</kwd><kwd>пренатальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>фетальная хирургия</kwd><kwd>гестация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uropathies</kwd><kwd>kidneys</kwd><kwd>prenatal diagnosis</kwd><kwd>fetal surgery</kwd><kwd>gestation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лолаева Б.М., Джелиев И.Ш., Дзуцева М.Р., Кесаева М.М., Габисова Ю.В. Роль антенатальной ультразвуковой диагностики в лечении врожденной патологии мочевыделительной системы. Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии. 2020; 10(3S): 96. 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