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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-6-68-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2315</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синдром лейкоэнцефалопатии, задержки развития и эпизодического неврологического регресса (LEUDEN)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Leukoencephalopathy, developmental delay, and episodic neurological regression syndrome (LEUDEN)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-1103</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каминская</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaminskaya</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каминская Татьяна Святославовна к.м.н, врач-невролог, научный сотрудник</p><p>119620, г. Москва, ул. Авиаторов, д. 38 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119620, Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaminskayats@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-9867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крапивкин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krapivkin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крапивкин Алексей Игорьевич — д.м.н., директор </p><p>119620, г. Москва, ул. Авиаторов, д. 38 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119620, Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1364-8418</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasiliev</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Григорий Сергеевич — врач-генетик  </p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117997, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4424-0271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Докшукина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dokshukina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Докшукина Алина Алексеевна — врач-генетик </p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117997, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4929-7936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьева</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopyeva</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопьева Наталья Павловна — зав. отделением  </p><p>119620, г. Москва, ул. Авиаторов, д. 38 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119620, Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2958-8266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashkov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пашков Александр Александрович — медицинский психолог </p><p>143081, Московская область, Одинцовский городской округ, д. Лапино, 1-е Успенское шоссе, 111</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>143081, Moscow Region </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1928-9591</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ареян</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Areyan</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ареян Тигран Егишевич — студент 3 курса </p><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119048, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6221-2539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батомункуева</surname><given-names>Э. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batomunkueva</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батомункуева Эржена Баировна — студент 6 курса </p><p>119048, г. Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119048, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Научно-практический центр специализированной медицинской помощи детям им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voino-Yasenetsky Scientific Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kulakov Sientific Centre for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинический госпиталь «Лапино» группы компаний «Мать и дитя»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lapino Clinical Hospital, “Mother and Child” Group of Companies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2315">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2315</self-uri><abstract><p>Описывается клинический случай синдрома лейкоэнцефалопатии, задержки развития и эпизодического неврологического регресса (LEUDEN, OMIM 618877), ассоциированного с вариантами гена EIF2AK2, с акцентом на клинико-патогенетические связи и потенциальные терапевтические мишени. Мальчик 2 лет демонстрировал задержку психомоторного развития, спастический тетрапарез и лихорадочно-индуцируемые эпизоды регресса; по данным магнитно-резонансной томографии отмечены гипомиелинизация и атрофия белого вещества. Полноэкзомное секвенирование выявило патогенный вариант EIF2AK2 c.325G&gt;T (p.Ala109Ser, NM_001135651.3) de novo. Совокупность клинических, нейровизуализационных и генетических данных согласуется с концепцией хронической гиперактивации интегрированной реакции на стресс (ISR) через путь PKR– eIF2α, приводящей к устойчивому фосфорилированию eIF2α, нарушению синтеза миелиновых белков, активации апоптоза и дисфункции синаптической передачи. Внешние стрессоры (инфекции) выступают триггерами транзиторного ухудшения, проявляющегося регрессом навыков. Фенотип может имитировать детский церебральный паралич с эпизодами регресса, что обосновывает необходимость ранней молекулярно-генетической верификации при детской гипомиелинизации. Патогенетическое участие ISR определяет перспективность таргетной модуляции этого пути (например, ингибиторами ISR), однако клиническая эффективность подобных стратегий при LEUDEN требует дальнейшей проверки в контролируемых исследованиях; ранняя диагностика и стратификация пациентов являются ключевыми для разработки персонализированных подходов к лечению.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We describe a clinical case of leukencephalopathy, developmental delay, and episodic neurologic regression (LEUDEN, OMIM 618877) associated with variants in the EIF2AK2 gene, with an emphasis on clinico-pathogenetic links and potential therapeutic targets. A 2-year-old boy presented with psychomotor delay, spastic tetraparesis, and fever-induced episodes of regression; brain MRI showed hypomyelination and white-matter atrophy. Whole-exome sequencing identified a de novo pathogenic EIF2AK2 variant, c.325G&gt;T (p.Ala109Ser, NM_001135651.3). The synthesis of clinical, neuroimaging, and genetic data is consistent with chronic hyperactivation of the integrated stress response (ISR) via the PKR–eIF2α pathway, leading to sustained eIF2α phosphorylation, impaired synthesis of myelin proteins, activation of apoptosis, and synaptic dysfunction; external stressors (infections) act as triggers of transient deterioration manifesting as regression of skills. The phenotype may mimic cerebral palsy with episodes of regression, underscoring the need for early molecular genetic confirmation in pediatric hypomyelination. The pathogenetic involvement of the ISR highlights the promise of targeted modulation of this pathway (e.g., ISR inhibitors), although the clinical efficacy of such strategies in LEUDEN requires further evaluation in controlled studies; early diagnosis and patient stratification are key to developing personalized treatment approaches.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>LEUDEN синдром</kwd><kwd>EIF2AK2</kwd><kwd>интегрированная реакция на стресс</kwd><kwd>неврологический регресс</kwd><kwd>лейкоэнцефалопатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>LEUDEN syndrome</kwd><kwd>EIF2AK2</kwd><kwd>integrated stress response</kwd><kwd>neurological regression</kwd><kwd>leukoencephalopathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pakos-Zebrucka K., Koryga I., Mnich K., Ljujic M., Samali A., Gorman A.M. The integrated stress response. 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