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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2026-71-2-34-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-2377</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Различия неонатальной адаптации поздних недоношенных и доношенных новорожденных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Differences in neonatal adaptation between late preterm infants and term infants</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8499-8079</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панина</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panina</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панина Надежда Ивановна — аспирант кафедры неонатологии и педиатрии ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; врач–неонатолог отделения новорожденных</p><p>394042, Воронеж, ул. Остужева, дом 29 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>394042, Voronezh </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanadjushkapanina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7076-0484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ипполитова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ippolitova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ипполитова Людмила Ивановна — д.м.н., заведующая кафедрой неонатологии и педиатрии, главный внештатный неонатолог Воронежской области</p><p>394036, Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, дом 10 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>394036, Voronezh </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ippolitovaliuda@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>БУЗ ВО «Воронежская городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи № 10»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh City Clinical Emergency Hospital №10</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>71</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2377">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/2377</self-uri><abstract><p>Поздние недоношенные (340/₇–366/₇ недель) составляют до 75% всех случаев преждевременных родов. Несмотря на то, что в клинической практике их приравнивают к доношенным новорожденным, они подвержены повышенному риску респираторных, метаболических, инфекционных и неврологических нарушений. Это диктует необходимость дифференцированного многопрофильного подхода для снижения неблагоприятных исходов.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: провести сравнительный анализ раннего неонатального периода у поздних недоношенных (340/₇–366/₇ недель) и доношенных новорожденных; определить взаимосвязи патологических состояний у младенцев с факторами риска, выявленными в анамнезе матерей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследуемая группа: 140 детей, родившихся в сроке поздней недоношенности (340/₇–366/₇ недель гестации). Контрольная группа: 140 детей, родившихся в сроке доношенности (370/₇–416/₇ недель гестации). Анализируемые параметры: массоростовые показатели, исходы раннего неонатального периода, необходимость в респираторной поддержке и интенсивной терапии, а также анамнестические данные матерей. Данные обработаны с помощью программного обеспечения StatTech, версия 3.1.10.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У поздних недоношенных новорожденных статистически значимо выше риск развития патологических состояний в раннем неонатальном периоде по сравнению с доношенными (р≤0,001). Выявлены значимые материнские факторы риска: индекс массы тела &gt; 23 кг/м2 и &lt; 28 кг/м2 (повышает риск поздних преждевременных родов); возраст матери ≥ 34 лет (ассоциирован с потребностью в искусственной вентиляции легких); возраст ≥ 32 лет (риск церебральной ишемии II степени); возраст 36 лет (повышенный риск внутриутробной пневмонии).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Поздние недоношенные новорожденные имеют менее совершенные компенсаторные возможности по сравнению с доношенными детьми. Ведущие патологические состояния — дыхательные нарушения, гипогликемия, гипербилирубинемия и неврологические дисфункции — обусловливают более длительное пребывание в стационаре и потребность в высокотехнологичной помощи. Индекс массы тела и возраст матери являются значимыми предикторами риска развития осложнений у позднего недоношенного новорожденного.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Late prematurity (340/₇–366/₇ weeks) accounts for up to 75% of all cases of premature birth. Despite the fact that in clinical practice they are equated with full-term babies, they are at increased risk of respiratory, metabolic, infectious and neurological disorders. This necessitates a differentiated multidisciplinary approach to reduce adverse outcomes. The aim is to conduct a comparative analysis of the early neonatal period in children born at 340/₇-366/₇ weeks and full–term newborns.; to determine the relationship of pathological conditions in infants with risk factors identified in the mothers’ medical history. Materials and methods:</p><sec><title>The study group</title><p>The study group: 140 children born at late prematurity (340/₇–366/₇ weeks of gestation). The control group: 140 children born at full term (370/₇–416/₇ weeks of gestation). The analyzed parameters include weight and growth indicators, outcomes of the early neonatal period, the need for respiratory support and intensive care, as well as maternal anamnestic data. The data was processed using StatTech software, version 3.1.10.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Late premature newborns have a statistically significantly higher risk of developing pathological conditions in the early neonatal period compared with full-term peers (all comparisons p&lt;0,001). Significant maternal risk factors were identified: body mass index &gt; 23 kg/m2 and &lt; 28 kg/m2 (increases the risk of late premature birth); maternal age ≥ 34 years (associated with the need for ventilation); age ≥ 32 years (risk of grade II cerebral ischemia); age 36 years (increased risk of intrauterine pneumonia).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Late premature newborns have less perfect compensatory capabilities compared to full-term infants. The leading pathological conditions — respiratory disorders, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia and neurological dysfunctions — lead to a longer hospital stay and the need for high-tech care. Body mass index and maternal age are significant predictors of the risk of complications in a late pre-term newborn.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поздний недоношенный</kwd><kwd>новорожденный</kwd><kwd>поздние преждевременные роды</kwd><kwd>ранний неонатальный период</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>late preterm infant</kwd><kwd>newborn</kwd><kwd>late preterm birth</kwd><kwd>early neonatal period</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization (WHO). https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth / Ссылка активна на 18.02.25</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization (WHO). https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth / Ссылка активна на 18.02.25</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ohuma E.O., Moller A.B., Bradley E., Chakwera S., Hussain-Alkhateeb, Lewin A. et al. 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