perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-5-166-173perinatology-401Research ArticleXIII РОССИЙСКАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ «ПЕДИАТРИЯ И ДЕТСКАЯ ХИРУРГИЯ В ПРИВОЛЖСКОМ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОКРУГЕ»13TH RUSSIAN CONFERENCE ON PEDIATRICS AND PEDIATRIC SURGERY IN THE VOLGA FEDERAL DISTRICTСтановление функций почек у детей, родившихся преждевременноFormation renal function in children born prematurelyСафинаА. И.SafinaA. I.

кафедра педиатрии и неонатологии 

д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой

420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36 

АбдуллинаГ. А.AbdullinaG. A.

педиатрическое отделение №1 

врач-нефролог

420012 Казань, ул. Декабристов, д. 125а

ДаминоваМ. А.DaminovaM. A.

кафедра педиатрии и неонатологии

к.м.н., асс. кафедры

420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 36 

ГБОУ ДПО «Казанская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава РоссииРоссияKazan State Medical AcademyRussian FederationГАУЗ «Городская детская больница №1», КазаньРоссияCity Children's Hospital №1, KazanRussian Federation201620112016615166173Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20162016Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/401

Цель работы: анализ современных данных по проблеме становления функций почек у детей, рожденных недоношенными. Проведен обзор публикаций отечественных и зарубежных авторов, изучены данные рандомизированных клинических и эпидемиологических исследований. Результаты. Мероприятия интенсивной терапии, которые включают в себя искусственную вентиляцию легких, инфузионную терапию, парентеральное питание, внутривенное введение лекарственных средств, приводят к повышенной нагрузке на незрелые почки недоношенного ребенка в неонатальном периоде. Особым фактором риска служит еще несовершенная клубочковая и канальцевая функции, большая капиллярная поверхность почек, высокий почечный кровоток, несовершенная регуляция кислотно-щелочного состояния и способность к концентрированию, которые под влиянием внешних нагрузок становятся несостоятельными. При воздействии повреждающих факторов на почки с дефицитом нефронов увеличивается риск дальнейшего снижения функции почек. Предполагается, что дефицит нефронов без дополнительных негативных факторов не приводит к хроническим заболеваниям в будущем. Заключение. Анализируя проведенные исследования по становлению функций почек у детей, рожденных недоношенными, можно предполагать, что дети с гестационным возрастом менее 32 нед и с массой тела менее 1500 г при рождении, которые подвергаются воздействию неблагоприятных факторов окружающей среды на развивающиеся почки в перинатальном и неонатальном периодах, находятся в зоне риска развития хронической болезни почек в дальнейшей жизни. 

A premature baby needing resuscitation after birth, is exposed to damaging factors affecting the entire body, including the kidneys. Aim — analysis of current data on the issue of the formation of kidney function in children born prematurely. Materials and methods. The review publications domestic and foreign authors studied data from randomized clinical and epidemiological studies. Results and discussion. Events intensive care, which include mechanical ventilation, infusion therapy, parenteral nutrition, intravenous drugs, lead to an increased load on the immature kidney premature baby in the neonatal period. A special risk factor for preterm is still imperfect glomerular and tubular function, renal large capillary surface, high renal blood flow, inadequate regulation of acid-base balance and the ability to concentrate, are under the influence of external loads become insolvent. Under the influence of damaging factors on the kidney nephron deficit increases the risk of further decline in kidney function. It is assumed that no additional nephrons deficit is not negative factors leads to chronic diseases in the future. Conclusion. Analyzing conducted research on the formation of kidney function in children born prematurely, it can be assumed that children with a gestational age less than 32 weeks and weighing less than 1500 grams at birth, who are exposed to adverse environmental factors on the developing buds in the perinatal and neonatal periods. They are in the zone of risk of chronic disease of the kidneys in later life. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.