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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2017-62-2-12-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-466</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Грудное вскармливание в Удмуртии: прошлое и современность</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Breastfeeding in Udmurtia: Past and Present</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кильдиярова</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kildiyarova</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф. кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней с курсом поликлинической педиатрии,</p><p>426034 Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, д. 281</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ижевская государственная медицинская академия Минздрава России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>05</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/466">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/466</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен экскурс в историю естественного вскармливания на примере традиции питания детей Удмуртии и отражены современные требования Всемирной организации здравоохранения по сохранению грудного вскармливания. Семейные обряды удмуртов, поддерживающие беременную и кормящую женщину, высокая распространенность свободного грудного вскармливания способствовали снижению инфекционной заболеваемости и смертности. Положительное влияние на лактацию оказывал физиологический вид переноски детей-удмуртов. Современные научные исследования показывают, что естественное вскармливание младенцев материнским молоком – идеальный вид питания, обладающий многочисленными преимуществами для ребенка и матери. Следовательно, должна быть коллективная социальная ответственность общества за поддержку грудного вскармливания и кормящих матерей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents an excursion into the history of breastfeeding by the example of children’s eating patterns in Udmurtia and highlights the current requirements of the World Health Organization for breastfeeding maintenance. The Udmurts’ familial rites supporting a pregnant and lactating woman and the high prevalence of free breastfeeding have contributed to a decrease in infectious morbidity and mortality rates. The physiological type of carrying Udmurt babies has a positive effect on lactation. The current researches indicate that breastfeeding is the ideal diet that has numerous benefits to baby and mother. Therefore, there must be a collective social responsibility for supporting breastfeeding and lactating mothers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>грудное вскармливание</kwd><kwd>Удмуртия</kwd><kwd>Всемирная организация здравоохранения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>breastfeeding</kwd><kwd>Udmurtia</kwd><kwd>World Health Organization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michaelsen K.F., Weaver L., Branca F., Robertson A. Кормление и питание грудных детей и детей раннего возраста. Методические рекомендации для Европейского региона ВОЗ с акцентом на республики бывшего Советского Союза. Региональные публикации Всемирной организации здравоохранения, Европейская серия №87. Дания 1981; 38. [Michaelsen K.F., Weaver L., Branca F., Robertson A. Feeding and nutrition of infants and young children. 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