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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2018-63-1-22-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-614</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние персистенции вируса Эпштейна–Барр на развитие иммуноопосредованных соматических заболеваний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of the Epstein-Barr Virus Persistence upon the Development of the ImmuneMediated Somatic Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0507-0174</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якушина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakushina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор кафедры инфекционных болезней и эпидемиологии Московского государственного медико-стоматологического университета им. А.И. Евдокимова</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7336-409X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кистенева</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kisteneva</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зав. лабораторией эпидемиологии, профилактики и диагностики вирусных гепатитов Института вирусологии им. Д.И. Ивановского</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ вирусологии им. Д.И. Ивановского ФГБУ ФНИЦЭМ им. почетного академика Н.Ф. Гамалеи Минздрава России, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ivanovsky Research Institute of Virology Gamaleya Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/614">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/614</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирус Эпштейна–Барр, пожизненно персистирующий в организме после первичного инфицирования, участвует в патогенезе ряда соматических хронических заболеваний. Известно, что вирус успешно ускользает из-под иммунного надзора, а также имеет множество рычагов регуляции звеньев иммунитета. В нашей работе мы суммировали современные научные сведения о влиянии персистирующего вируса Эпштейна–Барр на функцию и количество Т и В-лимфоцитов, NК-клеток, активность толл-подобных рецепторов, секрецию интерлейкинов, интерферонов и других цитокинов. Дисфункция иммунитета с преобладанием иммуноактивации приводит к формированию тяжелых форм хронической активной Эпштейна–Барр вирусной инфекции: хроническому мононуклеозу, гемофагоцитарному лимфогистиоцитозу. Иммуносупрессия характерна для атипичного течения хронической активной Эпштейна–Барр вирусной инфекции. Способность некоторых белков вируса к антигенной мимикрии (т.е. к сходству с белками человека) является определяющей в развитии синдрома хронической усталости, рассеянного склероза и системной красной волчанки. Вирус Эпштейна–Барр способен к иммортализации В-лимфоцитов, в том числе аутоагрессивных, что приводит к формированию хронических аутоиммунных заболеваний. Изучение механизмов развития данных заболеваний дает возможность разработки новых более эффективных персонализированных схем профилактики и лечения, например с использованием таргетирования.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Epstein–Barr virus, which is persistent in the human organism throughout lifetime after the primary infection, is involved in the pathogenesis of a number of somatic chronic diseases. It is known that the virus successfully escapes the immune control, and has many mechanisms to regulate the components of immune system s as well. In our work, we summarized the current scientific data on the effect of the persistent Epstein-Barr virus on the function and quantity of T- and B-lymphocytes, NK cells, activity of the toll-like receptors, secretion of interleukins, interferons and other cytokines. The immunity dysfunction with the immunoactivation predominance leads to the formation of severe forms of chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection such as the chronic mononucleosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. The immunosuppression is characteristic for the atypical course of the chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection. The ability of some viral proteins to antigenic mimicry (that is, the homology of viral and human proteins) is the determining factor in the development of the chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The Epstein–Barr virus is capable of the immortalization of the B-lymphocytes, including the autoaggressive ones, which leads to the formation of the chronic autoimmune diseases. Study of the development mechanisms of these diseases permits to develop the new, more effective, personalized prevention and treatment schemes, for example, using the targeting therapy.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>вирус Эпштейна–Барр</kwd><kwd>персистенция</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>Epstein–Barr virus</kwd><kwd>persistence</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>autoimmune diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cohen J.I. Epstein–Barr virus infection. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 481–492. 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