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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2018-63-3-64-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-675</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОГО СИНДРОМА У ДЕТЕЙ С ОЖИРЕНИЕМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RISK FACTORS FOR METABOLIC SYNDROME IN OBESE CHILDREN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бокова Татьяна Алексеевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры педиатрии факультета усовершенствования врачей.</p><p>129110 Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/25</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirskiy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/675">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/675</self-uri><abstract><p>Ожирение и тесно ассоциированный с ним метаболический синдром развиваются под действием совокупности генетических  факторов и факторов внешней среды и представляют актуальную проблему современной педиатрии.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования:  определение причинно-значимых факторов риска формирования метаболического синдрома в детском возрасте и их ранжирование по степени этиологической обусловленности и управляемости. Обследованы 483 ребенка в возрасте 5–16 лет:  237 детей с метаболическим синдромом, 246 детей без такового. Комплексное исследование включало спектр клинических  лабораторных и инструментальных методов исследования, проводившихся по традиционным методикам. Использовались  методы эпидемиологической статистики с расчетом показателей относительного (RR) и атрибутивного (АR) рисков, этиологической доли относительного риска (EF).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что к трудноуправляемым факторам риска развития метаболического синдрома с очень высокой  и высокой степенью этиологической обусловленности относятся: абдоминальный (висцеральный) тип ожирения, гипергликемия, гипертриглицеридемия, со средней степенью – снижение уровня холестерина липопротеидов высокой плотности, гиперурикемия, к управляемым (условно управляемым) факторам: индекс массы тела более 30 кг/м2, длительность ожирения  5 лет и более, масса при рождении менее 2500 г, заболевания гепатобилиарной системы (неалкогольная жировая болезнь  печени, билиарный сладж, холестероз желчного пузыря), нарушение пищевого поведения в виде «синдрома ночной еды»,  ожирение у матери или обоих родителей, сахарный диабет 2-го типа у матери или бабушки по материнской линии. Доказано,  что своевременное начало лечебно-профилактических мероприятий на ранних сроках заболевания, способствующих снижению степени ожирения и длительности болезни, позволяет снизить риск формирования метаболического синдрома у ребенка  на 23%, улучшение здоровья матери и нормализация массы тела на этапе планирования беременности – на 22%.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Анализ генетических, физиологических и социально-экономических факторов позволяет оценить их вклад в формирование метаболического синдрома и выделить группы риска по его развитию. Разделение факторов риска по степени  управляемости дает возможность сконцентрировать внимание на группе управляемых факторов и выбрать наиболее эффективные алгоритмы лечебно-профилактических мероприятий.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Obesity and closely associated metabolic syndrome develop under the influence of a combination of genetic and environmental factors  and are a challenging problem in the present-day pediatrics.</p><sec><title>Objective of the study</title><p>Objective of the study: determination of the significant risk factors causing the formation of metabolic syndrome in childhood   and their ranking according to the degree of etiological conditionality and manageability. 483 children aged 5–16 years were examined: 237 children who had metabolic syndrome, 246 children who did not. The complex study included a number of clinical laboratory and instrumental methods of study performed using the conventional methods. Methods of epidemiological statistics were used   to calculate the relative (RR) and attributive (AR) risks, as well as the etiological fraction of relative risk (EF).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It has been established that risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome with a very high and high degree of etiological conditionality which are difficult to control include abdominal (visceral) type of obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia,  those which are averagely difficult to control – lowering of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, hyperuricemia, and the controlled  (conditionally controlled) factors include the body mass index more than 30 kg/m2, the duration of obesity of 5 and more years,   the birth weight less than 2500 g, hepatobiliary disorders (non-alcoholic liver disease, biliary sludge, gallbladder cholesterosis),  eating disorders in the form of a “night eating syndrome”, obesity either in the mother or both parents, mother’s or maternal grandmother’s type 2 diabetes. It has been proven that the timely initiation of therapy and prophylactic measures at the early stages of the  disease, contributing to a reduction of the obesity degree and duration of the disease, allows to reduce the risk of forming metabolic  syndrome in a child by 23%, improving maternal health and normalizing the body weight during the planning of pregnancy – by 22%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The analysis of genetic, physiological and social and economic factors enables assessing their contribution to the  formation of metabolic syndrome and to classify the risk groups for its development. After classification of risk factors according   to the degree of control the researchers can focus on a group of controlled factors and choose the most effective algorithms of therapeutic and preventive measures.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лазебник Л.Б., Звенигородская Л.А. Метаболический синдром и органы пищеварения. М: Анахарсис 2009; 184.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lazebnik L.B., Zvenigorodskaya L.A. Metabolic syndrome and digestive organs. Moscow: Anaharsis 2009; 184. 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