perinatologyРоссийский вестник перинатологии и педиатрииRossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)1027-40652500-2228Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”10.21508/1027-4065-2018-63-4-23-29perinatology-692Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWSФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВКУСОВОГО ВОСПРИЯТИЯ: РОЛЬ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ И СРЕДОВЫХ ФАКТОРОВ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ ВКУСОВЫХ ПРЕДПОЧТЕНИЙPHYSIOLOGY OF TASTE PERCEPTION: THE ROLE OF GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF TASTE PREFERENCESЗахароваИ. Н.ZakharovaI. N.

д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского,

125373 Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28

ДмитриеваЮ. А.DmitriyevaYu. A.

к.м.н., доц. кафедры педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского,

125373 Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28

МачневаЕ. Б.MachnevaE. B.

к.м.н., асс. кафедры педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского,

125373 Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28

КасьяноваА. Н.KasyanovaA. N.

клинический ординатор кафедры педиатрии с курсом поликлинической педиатрии им. академика Г.Н. Сперанского,

125373 Москва, ул. Героев Панфиловцев, д. 28

ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РФРоссияRussian Medical Postgraduate Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2018100920186342329Copyright © Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 20182018Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/692

Восприятие вкуса оказывает существенное влияние на формирование пищевых предпочтений человека. Основы вкусового восприятия ребенка закладываются под влиянием генетического полиморфизма и врожденных вкусовых предпочтений, развиваясь в дальнейшем под воздействием ряда средовых факторов. Существенное влияние на формирование вкуса оказывает питание матери во  время беременности, характер вскармливания ребенка, состояние здоровья младенца на  первом году жизни, а также национальные и семейные традиции питания. Рассмотрены механизмы формирования различных вкусовых ощущений, суммированы результаты современных исследований в отношении генетики вкусовых рецепторов, рассмотрена роль отдельных средовых факторов в развитии пищевых предпочтений. Особое внимание уделено особенностям питания ребенка на первом году жизни.

Taste perception has a significant impact on the formation of human food preferences. The basics of taste perception of the child are formed under the influence of genetic polymorphism and congenital taste preferences, developing under the influence of a number of environmental factors. A significant impact on the formation of taste hasthe mother’s nutrition during pregnancy, the nature of the child’sfeeding, the baby’s health during the first year of life, as well as national and family traditions of nutrition. The article describes the mechanisms of formation of different taste sensations, summarizes the results of modern research on the genetics of taste receptors, the role of individual environmental factors in the development of food preferences. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the child’s nutrition during the first year of life.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.