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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">perinatology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-4065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-2228</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-1-125-129</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">perinatology-832</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOR THE PRACTITIONER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Подходы к терапии бактериальных инфекций дыхательных путей с учетом современных данных о микробиоме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Approaches to the treatment of bacterial infections of the respiratory tract based on current data of the microbiome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колосова Наталья Георгиевна – кандидат медицинских наук ,доцент кафедры детских болезней лечебного факультета.</p><p>119991 Москва,  ул. Б. Пироговская, д. 19.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">kolosovan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Геппе</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Geppe</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Геппе Наталья Анатольевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор,  заведующий кафедрой  детских болезней лечебного факультета.</p><p>119991 Москва,  ул. Б. Пироговская, д. 19.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дронов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dronov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дронов  Иван  Анатольевич  – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент  кафедры  детских  болезней лечебного  факультета.</p><p>119991 Москва,  ул. Б. Пироговская, д. 19.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenovsky University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>125</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”, 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ltd. “The National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation”</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/832">https://www.ped-perinatology.ru/jour/article/view/832</self-uri><abstract><p>Респираторные инфекционные заболевания в основном вызываются вирусами или бактериями, которые часто взаимодействуют друг с другом. В верхних дыхательных путях находится широкий спектр комменсалов и потенциальных патогенных бактерий, которые образуют вместе с другими бактериями, вирусами и грибами сложные экологические сети, известные под общим названием «микробиом». Предполагается,  что это сообщество постоянно подвергается синергетическим и конкурентным межвидовым взаимодействиям. Микробиом дыхательных путей является фактором респираторного здоровья, изменения которого при респираторно-вирусных инфекциях, нерациональном использовании антибиотиков,  может приводить к бактериальным осложнениям и распространению инфекции дыхательных путей. В свете современных рекомендаций по ограничению назначения системных антибиотиков при неосложненных острых инфекциях дыхательных путей, реальной альтернативой является применение местных антимикробных средств, например, тиамфеникола глицинат ацетилцистеината. Представлены результаты использования препарата при респираторных инфекциях верхних и нижних дыхательных путей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Respiratory infections are mainly caused by viruses or bacteria that often interact. In the upper respiratory tract there is a wide range of commensals and potential pathogenic bacteria that, together with other bacteria, viruses and fungi, form complex ecological networks known collectively as “the microbiome”. It is assumed that this community is constantly exposed to synergistic and competitive interspecific interactions. The microbiome of the respiratory tract is a factor of respiratory health, which changes (respiratory viral infections, inappropriate use of antibiotics) can lead to bacterial complications and the spread of respiratory tract infections in. In the light of current guidelines for limiting the use of systemic antibiotics in case of uncomplicated acute respiratory tract infections, a real alternative is the use of topical antimicrobial agents, for example, thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate. The article presents the results of the use of the drug in respiratory infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>вирусно-бактериальные взаимодействия</kwd><kwd>инфекции дыхательных путей</kwd><kwd>тиамфеникола глицинат ацетилцистеинат (ТГА)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>viral-bacterial interactions</kwd><kwd>respiratory tract infections</kwd><kwd>thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate (TGA)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bosch A., Biesbroek G., Trzcinski K., Sanders E.M., Bogaert D. Viral and Bacterial Interactions in the Upper Respiratory Tract. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9(1): e1003057. 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