Лечение артериальной гипертензии у детей и подростков

Представлены данные о современных подходах к немедикаментозному и медикаментозному лечению артериальной гипертензии у детей и подростков. Проанализированы рекомендации по лечению артериальной гипертензии Американской ассоциации сердца (2017 г.) и Европейского общества гипертензии (2016 г.). Изложены возможности немедикаментозного воздействия путем изменения диетического рациона и повышения уровня физической  активности. Освящены данные многоцентровых рандомизированных клинических исследований по применению основных групп гипотензивных препаратов у детей и подростков, рекомендации по целевому уровню артериального давления при лечении артериальной гипертензии. Представлены  показания и противопоказания к назначению гипотензивных препаратов: ингибиторов ангиотензинпревращающего фермента, блокаторов рецепторов ангиотензина, блокаторов кальциевых каналов. Пересмотрены  представления о применении β-адреноблокаторов для лечения артериальной гипертензии. Рассматриваются возможности лечения рефрактерной артериальной гипертензии, особенности лечения гипертензии при протеинурии, метаболическом синдроме, дислипидемии.

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