Risk factors of adolescent health: mass poll results

Objective. To study the risk factors of noncommunicable disease spread in adolescents based on the mass pole results.

Methods. The authors conducted four waves of study within the framework of the monitoring project “Risk factors for human health” in 2014–2017. The study included a multistage stratified territorial random sample of 1,691 patients over 11 years. The research population included 170 adolescents (11–19 years) (10%).

Results. An adverse profile of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases was predetermined by: overweight in adolescents (10%), increased blood pressure (18%), unfavorable history of cardiovascular events in close relatives (60–70%), nutritional disorders (80–96%) , low level of physical activity (5%), smoking (20%), and alcohol consumption (26% of respondents). The body weight deficiency (35%) and overweight (10%), along with sufficient consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits in only 7% of cases reflects gross malnutrition of adolescents, which determines their future development. Awareness of adolescents of the main risk factors for noncommunicable diseases remains low (less than 30–40% for different factors). The example of close relatives, friends and stressful situations predetermine the emergence of bad habits (consumption of alcohol and tobacco) in adolescents.

Scope of application. Pediatrics, public health, epidemiology.

Conclusion. In order to correct adverse risk factors of noncommunicable diseases, it is necessary to attract a wide range of specialists, including intensive family and personal psychological consultations with adolescents. These measures will motivate adolescents to a healthy lifestyle and reduce the burden of noncommunicable diseases in the population of the Russian Federation.

1. «On the basics of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation». Federal Law of the Russian Federation of November 21, 2011 N 323-FZ. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

2. http://federalbook.ru/

3. files/FSZ/soderghanie/Tom%2012/1-9.pdf The concept of development of the healthcare system in the Russian Federation until 2020. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

4. Lim S.S., Vos T., Flaxman A.D., Danaei G., Shibuya K., Adair-Rohani H. et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380(9859): 2224–2260. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8

5. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/44203/8/9789244563878_rus.pdf?ua=1&ua=1 Global health risk factors. Mortality and disease burden due to some major risk factors. WHO, 2015. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

6. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/ru/ Noncommunicable diseases. WHO. Newsletter No. 355. January 2015 (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

7. http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/GCM_First_WHO_Discussion_Paper_FINAL_RUSSIAN.pdf Global Plan of Action for the Prevention and Control of NCDs 2013–2020, WHO 2013. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

8. https://www.rosminzdrav.ru/news/2017/06/09/5595 WHO European meeting for national managers and program managers on NCDs. Moscow, June 2017. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

9. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs345/ru/ http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2017/year/year17.pdf Adolescents: health risks and their solutions. WHO Newsletter N 345. May 2016 (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

10. http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2017/year/year17.pdf Russian statistical yearbook 2017. Moscow, 2017; 84–90. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

11. The strategy «Health and development of adolescents in Russia» (harmonization of European and Russian approaches to the theory and practice of protecting and strengthening adolescent health). Moscow: Scientific Center for Children’s Health RAMS, 2010; 54. (in Russ.)

12. Shirokova V.I., Tsaregorodtsev A.D., Kobrinsky B.A., Voropayeva Ya.V. Medical examination monitoring in the pediatric population: state-of-the-art and tasks for enhancing its effectiveness. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 2009; 54(4): 4–10. (in Russ.)

13. http://bono-esse.ru/blizzard/RPP/M/ORGZDRAV/Orgproga/org_proga.html Guidelines for the organization of programs for the prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Moscow State Medical and Dental University 2008. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

14. Methodological recommendations «Providing medical assistance to the adult population for the prevention and cessation of smoking.» Letter of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia N 14-3/10/1-2817 of May 5, 2012 (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

15. http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/topics/adolescence/dev/ru/index.html The development of adolescents.Critical Transition. WHO. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

16. http://voluntary.ru/termin/podrostkovyi-vozrast.html National Sociological Encyclopedia (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

17. Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in the United States, 2011–2014. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

18. Sharapova O.V., Tsaregorodtsev A.D., Kobrinskii B.A. All-Russian prophylactic medical investigation: the main trends in the health status of children. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 2004; 49(1): 56–60. (in Russ.)

19. Only 1 in 10 Adults Get Enough Fruits or Vegetables. https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpao/division-information/media-tools/adults-fruits-vegetables.html Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

20. The WSCC Model and Childhood Obesity Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/obesity/ Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

21. Youth and Tobacco Use. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/youth_data/tobacco_use/index.htm Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

22. http://alcoholismhls.ru/2013/11/11/pivnoj-alkogolizm-u-podrostkov/ Beer alcoholism among adolescents in Russia. (in Russ.) Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.

23. Trends in the Prevalence of Alcohol Use National YRBS: 1991–2015. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/pdf/trends/2015_us_alcohol_trend_yrbs.pdf Ссылка активна на 27.02.2020.