

The significance of anticardiac autoantibodies in children with bradyarrhythmias
https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-2-38-44
Abstract
The significance of autoimmune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders in children remains poorly understood, the prognostic significance of changes of the prognostic significance antibodies level to different myocardial structures in children with bradyarrhythmias has not been fully determined. This study presents data from 105 children who underwent cardiological examination and analysis of anticardiac antibody levels. It was found that, that elevated and high levels of anticardiac antibodies are detected in 50% among children with bradyarrhythmias, the antibody titer to the cardiac conduction system 1:160 was registered in 22% of children, and 1:320 and higher — in 18% of children. Elevated and high titers of anticardiac antibodyies are associated with delay of the electrical systole of the ventricles and a tendency to decrease the contractility of the heart.
About the Author
E. B. PolyakovaRussian Federation
Moscow
References
1. Maisch B., Lotze U., Schneider J., Kochsiek К. Antibodies to human atnoventricular node and conducting tissue in atrioventricular block. In Santini M., Pislolese M., Alliegro A., et al. Progress in clinical pacing. Rome CEPI-Verlag, 1988; 163–171.
2. Maisch B., Lotze U., Schneider J., Kochsiek K. Antibodies to human sinus node in sick sinus syndrome. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1986; 9(6): 1101–1109. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540–8159.1986.tb06677.x
3. Lotze U., Maisch B. Humoral immune response to cardiac conducting tissue. Springer Semin Immunopathol 1989; 11(4): 409–422. DOI: 10.1007/BF00201879
4. Blagova O.V., Nedostup A.V., Kogan E.A., Sulimov V.A., Osipova Yu.V., Sedov V.P., et al. A clinical and morphological approach to the diagnosis of “Idiopathic” arrhythmias and DCMP syndrome as the basis of differentiated therapy Part I (diagnosis). Racional’naya farmakoterapiya v kardiologii 2014; 10(1): 62–72. (in Russ.)
5. Osipova Yu.V., Blagova O.V., Nedostup A.V., Kogan E.A., Sulimov V.A., Frolova Yu.V., et al. The significance of various noninvasive markers in the diagnosis of latent myocarditis in comparison with biopsy data. Kardiologiya i serdechno-sosudistaya khirurgiya 2015; 8(1): 40–56. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.17116/kardio20158140–56
6. Ammirati E., Moslehi J.J. Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Myocarditis: A Review. JAMA 2023; 329(13): 1098–1113. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.3371
7. Nagai T., Inomata T., Kohno T., Sato T., Tada A., Kubo T., et al. Japanese Circulation Society Joint Working Group. JCS 2023 Guideline on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Myocarditis. Circ J 2023; 87(5): 674–754. DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-22–0696
8. Arutyunov G.P., Paleev F.N., Moiseeva O.M., Dragunov D.O., Sokolova A.V., Arutyunov A.G., et al. Myocarditis in adults. Clinical recommendations 2020. Rossijskij kardiologicheskij zhurnal 2021; 26(11): 4790. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.15829/1560–4071–2021–4790
9. Kulikova V.A., Nedostup A.V., Blagova O.V., Zajdenov V.A., Kupriyanova A.G., Nechaev I.A., Ragimov A.A. Effectiveness of treatment of arrhythmias and syndrome of dilated cardiomyopathy of immune-inflammatory origin using plasmapheresis. Rossijskij kardiologicheskij zhurnal 2018; 12: 32–43. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.15829/1560–4071–2018–12–32–43
10. Brignole M., Auricchio A., Baron-Esquivias G., Bordachar P., Boriani G., Breithardt O.A., et al. The Task Force on cardiac pacing and resynchronization therapy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA); 2013 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 2014; 67(1): 58. DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2013.11.003
11. Danilova T.A., Kupriyanova A.G., et al. Heterophilic antibodies to antigens of the interstitial connective tissue of the myocardial vascular endothelium in diseases of the cardiovascular system. Vestnik transplantologii i iskusstvennykh organov 2004; 3: 5–8. (in Russ.)
12. Poletaev A.B. New approaches to the early detection of pathological changes in the human body (immunological screening as the basis of a strategy for the transition from curative to preventive medicine). Methodological recommendations for doctors. Edition 2, revised and supplemented. Moskva; MIC Immunkulus, 2011; 68. (in Russ.)
13. Polyakova E.B., Shkol’nikova M.A. The importance of autoimmune mechanisms in the pathophysiology of sinus node sick syndrome in children. Rossijskij vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii 2006; 51(5): 46–48. (in Russ.)
14. Maisch B., Ristic A.D. Immunological basis of the cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 813– 824. DOI: 10.1053/euhj.2000.2186
15. Brisinda D., Sorbo A.R., Venuti A., Ruggieri M.P., Manna R., Fenici P., et al. Anti-β-adrenoceptors autoimmunity causing ‘idiopathic’ arrhythmias and cardiomyopathy. Circ J 2012; 76(6): 1345–1353. DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-11–1374
16. Iwata M., Yoshikawa T., Baba A., Anzai T., Mitamura H., Ogawa S. Autoantibodies against the second extracellular loop of beta1-adrenergic receptors predict ventricular tachycardia and sudden death in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37(2): 418–424. DOI: 10.1016s0735–1097(00)01109–8
17. Ludwig R.J., Vanhoorelbeke K., Leypoldt F., Kaya Z., Bieber K., McLachlan S.M., et al. Mechanisms of Autoantibody-Induced Pathology. Front Immunol 2017; 8: 603. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00603
18. Blagova O.V., Varionchik N.V., Zajdenov V.A., Savina P.O., Sarkisova N.D. Evaluation of the level of anticardiac antibodies in patients with severe and moderate COVID-19 (correlations with clinical picture and prognosis). Rossijskij kardiologicheskij zhurnal 2020; 25(11): 4054. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.15829/1560–4071–2020–4054
19. Lutohina Yu.A., Blagova O.V., Nedostup A.V., Aleksandrova S.A., Evseeva E.V., Shestak A.G., Zaklyaz’minskaya E.V. The contribution of concomitant myocarditis to the formation of various clinical forms of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy of the right ventricle. Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika 2021; 20(5): 2781. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.15829/1728–8800–2021–2781
20. Batalov R.E., Suslova T.E., Kologrivova I.V., Dedkova A.A., Antonchenko I.V., Popov S.V. The level of fatty acid binding protein and concentration of antibodies to the myocardium in patients with cardiac arrhythmias. Vestnik aritmologii 2008; 50: 21– 24. (in Russ.)
21. Ristic A.D., Maisch B. Cardiac rhythm and conduction disturbances: what is the role of autoimmune mechanisms? Herz 2000; 25(3): 181–188. DOI: 10.1007/s000590050005
22. Fu M. Autoantibodies in atrial fibrillation: actors, biomarkers or bystanders? How far have we come? Cardiology 2009; 112(3): 178–179. DOI: 10.1159/000149151
23. Kantemirova M.G., Lucenko Ya.V., Abrosimova A.A., Chulkova A.A., Degtyareva E.A. Age-related aspects of the content of cardiospecific autoantibodies in children with arrhythmias. Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal intervencionnoj kardioangiologii 2010; 21: 49–53. (in Russ.)
24. Strizhakov A.N., Rodionova A.M., Ignatko I.V., Zajdenov V.A. The importance of infection in the development of fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Voprosy ginekologii, akusherstva i perinatologii 2022; 21(3): 6–12. (in Russ.) DOI: 10.20953/1726–1678–2022–3–6–12
Review
For citations:
Polyakova E.B. The significance of anticardiac autoantibodies in children with bradyarrhythmias. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics). 2025;70(2):38-44. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-2-38-44