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Children from mothers with diabetes mellitus: modern approaches to pathogenesis, main clinical manifestations, observation and treatment, prevention of late complications
https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-5-144-150
Abstract
Hyperglycemia in the blood of a pregnant woman, which develops because of diabetes mellitus, including gestational diabetes, has a negative effect on the fetus. The fetus develops hyperinsulinism, hypercorticism, which leads to the development of macrosomia, hypoxia, and metabolic disorders in the newborn. Macrosomia increases the risk of trauma during childbirth. Metabolic disorders, among which the most common are hypoglycemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia, disrupt the course of the neonatal period, disorders of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems negatively affect the quality of life of the newborn child. Therefore, careful monitoring of the health of the pregnant woman, fetus and newborn is necessary for timely diagnosis and correction of the detected changes. Timely correction is the main guarantee of improving the health of the newborn and preventing long-term consequences, such as various options for CNS disorders. The article provides information on the main points of fetal and newborn developmental disorders, and modern tactics for treating the identified pathology in a child.
About the Authors
A. I. Safina
Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch Campus of the Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
420012, Kazan
N. L. Rybkina
Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch Campus of the Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
420012, Kazan
O. A. Stepanova
Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch Campus of the Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
420012, Kazan
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Review
For citations:
Safina A.I., Rybkina N.L., Stepanova O.A. Children from mothers with diabetes mellitus: modern approaches to pathogenesis, main clinical manifestations, observation and treatment, prevention of late complications. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics). 2025;70(5):144-150. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2025-70-5-144-150
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