Соки в питании ребенка и взрослого человека: значение для здоровья
https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-4-43-48
Аннотация
Соки имеют большое значение в системе рационального питания человека с первых лет его жизни. В соответствии с общепринятыми рекомендациями их вводят в питание ребенка не ранее 4‑месячного возраста, обычно после первых продуктов прикорма. Соки обеспечивают организм ребенка необходимыми макро- и микронутриентами, способствуют адаптации ребенка к новому характеру питания, играют важную роль в формировании вкусовых предпочтений и пищевом программировании. Соки являются источником витаминов (в первую очередь витамина C), некоторых минералов (железо), пищевых волокон, воды. В то же время соки содержат значительное число других важных для организма человека органических компонентах, например полифенолов, которые являются важным компонентом продуктов растительного происхождения. Они содержатся в овощах и фруктах как свежих, так и в виде напитков. К полифенолам относятся феноловая кислота, а также флавоноиды: флавонолы (катехины и проантоцианидины), антоцианины и др. Фруктовые соки в своем составе в среднем содержат 34 мг/100 мл полифенолов, а томатный сок — 69 мг/100 мл. Полифенолы играют важнейшую роль в механизмах антиоксидантной защиты организма. В долговременном аспекте показаны их антиатерогенный эффект (снижение риска инфаркта миокарда) и антиканцерогенные эффекты (снижение риска рака легких, прямой кишки).
Ключевые слова
дети,
прикорм,
фруктовые соки,
яблочный сок,
полифенолы,
антиоксидантный,
антиатерогенный,
антиканцерогенный эффекты
Об авторе
С. В. Бельмер
ГБОУ ВПО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава РФ, Москва
Россия
Россия
д.м.н., проф. кафедры госпитальной педиатрии № 2 РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова 117513 Москва, Ленинский пр-т, д. 117
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Бельмер С.В. Соки в питании ребенка и взрослого человека: значение для здоровья. Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии. 2016;61(4):43-48. https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-4-43-48
For citation:
Belmer S.V. Juices in the diet of a child and an adult: Their significance for health. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics). 2016;61(4):43-48. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-4-43-48
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