Recurrent bronchial obstruction and asthma in children during the first five years of life
https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-5-64-69
Abstract
The high rate of recurrent bronchial obstruction in toddlers and preschoolers is due to both the morphofunctional characteristics of the respiratory tract in these age groups and the high incidence of acute respiratory infections. The diagnosis of asthma presents objective difficulties in children aged less than 5 years. Not all children with recurrent virus-induced obstruction can further develop asthma. Nevertheless, an analysis of a family and personal history of allergy, the clinical manifestations of the disease, and a response to anti-inflammatory therapy, if indicated, can diagnose asthma at any age and use basic therapy in relation to the severity of the disease.
References
1. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and prevention. Reviset 2014; 84–103: http://www.ginasthma.org
2. Savenije O.E., Kerkhof M., Koppelman G.H. et al. Predicting who will have asthma at school age among preschool children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 130: 325–331.
3. Pescatore A.M., Dogaru C.M., Duembgen L. et al. A simple asthma prediction tool for preschool children with wheeze or cough. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 133: 111–118.
4. Brand P.L.P., Baraldi E., Bisgaard H. et al. Definition, assessment and treatment of wheezing disorders in preschool children: an evidence-based approach. Eur Respir J 2008; 32: 1096–1110.
5. Bush A., Griggpro J., Saglani S. Managing wheeze in preschool children. BMJ 2014; 348: 1–7.
6. Cane R.S., Ranganathan S.C., McKenzie S.A. What do parents of wheezy children understand by «wheeze»? Arch Dis Child 2000; 82: 327–332.
7. Желенина Л.А., Акимова С.Л., Галустян А.Н., Пшенич- ная К.И. Острая и хроническая обструктивная патология у детей. ЦМТ СПбГПМУ, 2015; 34. (Zhelenina L.A., Akimova S.L., Galustyan A.N., Pshenichnaya K.I. Acute and chronic obstructive pathology at children. St. Petersdurg, 2015; 34. (in Russ))
8. Papadopoulos N.G., Kalobatsou A. Respiratory viruses in childhood asthma. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 7: 91–95.
9. Pocket Guide for Asthma Management and Prevention (for Children 5 Years and Yonger), a Guide for Health Care Professiоnals, 2015; www.ginasthma.jrg
10. Savenije O.E., Granell R., Caudri D. et al. Comparison of childhood wheezing phenotypes in 2 birth cohorts: ALSPAC and PIAMA. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 127: 6: 1505–1512.
11. Schultz A., Devadason S.G., Savenije O.E. et al. The transient value of classifying preschool wheeze into episodic viral wheeze and multiple trigger wheeze. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99:56–60.
12. Kappelle L., Brand P.L. Severe episodic viral wheeze in preschool children: High risk of asthma at age 5–10 years. Eur J Pediatr 2012; 171: 947–954.
13. Бугримо Д. Ю., Анохина В.В., Муравицкая М.Н. Особенности течения острых респираторных вирусных заболеваний у детей с фенотипическими признаками недифференцированной дисплазии соединительной ткани. Вестн новых мед технол 2011; 18: 2: 225–226. (Bugrimo D.Yu., Anokhina V.V., Muravitskaya M.N. Features of a current of acute respiratory viral diseases at children with phenotypical symptoms of an undifferentiated dysplasia of connecting fabric. Vestn novykh med tekhnol 2011; 18: 2: 225–226. (in Russ))
14. Woodcock A., Lowe L.A., Murray C.S. et al. Early life environmental control: effect on symptoms, sensitization, and lung function at age 3 years. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 170: 4: 433–439.
15. Hofhuis W., van der Wiel E.C., Tiddens H. et al. Bronchodilation in infants with malacia or recurrent wheeze. Arch Dis Child 2003; 88: 246–249.
16. Browne G.J., Penna A.S., Phung X., Soo M. Randomised trial of intravenous salbutamol in early management of acute severe asthma in children. Lancet 1997; 349: 301–305.
17. Bisgaard H., Hermansen M.N., Loland L. et al. Intermittent inhaled corticosteroids in infants with episodic wheezing. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1998–2005.
18. Murray C.S., Woodcock A., Langley S.J. et al. Secondary prevention of asthma by the use of inhaled fluticasone propionate in wheezy infants (IFWIN): double-blind, randomised, controlled study. Lancet 2006; 368: 754–762.
19. Doull I.J. M., Lampe F.C., Smith S. et al. Effect of inhaled corticosteroids on episodes of wheezing associated with viral infection in school age children: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. BMJ 1997; 315: 858–862.
20. Brand P.L., Caudri D., Eber E. et al. Classification and pharmacological treatment of preschool wheezing: changes since 2008. Eur Respir J 2014; 43: 1172–1177.
21. Kaditis A.G., Winnie G., Syrogiannopoulos G.A. Antiinflammatory pharmacotherapy for wheezing in preschool children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2007; 42: 407–420.
22. Guilbert T.W., Morgan W.J., Zeiger R.S. et al. Long-term inhaled corticosteroids in preschool children at high risk for asthma. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1985–1997.
23. de Blic J., Delacourt C., Le Bourgeois M. et al. Efficacy of nebulized budesonide in treatment of severe infantile asthma: a double-blind study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996; 98: 14–20.
24. Belgrave D.C., Buchan I., Bishop C. et al. Trajectories of lung function during childhood. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 189: 1101–1109.
25. Herr M., Clsrisse B., Nikasinovic L. et al. Das allergic rhinitis exist in infancy? Fandings from the PARIS birth cohort.J Allergy Euro J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 66: 2: 214–221.
26. Педиатрия. Национальное руководство в 2 т. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2009; 2: 24–34. (Pediatrics. A national management. Moscow: GEOTAR-media, 2009; 2: 24–34. (in Russ))
27. Иванова Н.А., Терентьева Ж.Н., Ченоусова Е.А. Возможности улучшения диагностики аллергического ринита у детей дошкольного возраста. CONSILIUM MEDICUM Педиатрия 2014; 1: 31–34. (Ivanova N.A., Terentyeva Zh.N., Chenousova E.A. Possibilities of improvement of diagnosis of allergic rhinitis at children of preschool age. CONSILIUM MEDICUM Pediatriya 2014; 1: 31–34. (in Russ))
28. Ducharme F.M., Sharon S.D., Radhakrishman D. et al. Diagnosis and management of asthma in preschools: A Canadian Thoracic Society position paper. Can Respir J 2015; 22: 3:135–144.
29. Castro-Rodriguez J.A., Rodrigo G.J. The role of inhaled corticosteroids and montelukast in children with mild-moderate asthma: results of a systematic review with meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child 2010; 95: 5: 365–370.
30. Национальная программа «Бронхиальная астма у детей. Стратегия лечения и профилактика». 4-е изд., пераб. и доп. Москва: Оригинал-макет, 2012; 122. (The national program «Bronchial asthma at children. Strategy of treatment and prophylaxis». 4th edition. Moscow: Original-maket, 2012; 122. (in Russ))
31. Архипов В.В. Прозорова В.К., Архипова Д. Е. и др. Сравнительная эффективность ингаляционных ГКС. Эффективная фармакотерапия 2013; 21: 32–39. (Arkhipov V.V., Prozorova V.K., Arkhipova D.E. et al. Comparative efficiency of inhalation GKS. EHffektivnaya farmakoterapiya of 2013; 21: 32–39. (in Russ))
32. Camargo C.A. Association between common asthma therapies and recurrent asthma exacerbations in children enrolled in a state Medicaid plan. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007; 64: 10: 1054–1061.
33. Chen A.H., Zeng G.Q., Chen R.C. et al. Effects of nebulized high-dose budesonide on moderate-to-severe acute exacerbation of asthma in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Respirology 2013; 18: Suppl 3: 47–52.
34. Matthews E.E. Nebulized budesonide versus oral steroid in severe exacerbations of childhood asthma Acta Paediatr 1999; 88: 8: 841–843.
35. Derendorf H., Nave R., Drollmann A. et al. Relevance of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled corticosteroids to asthma Eur Respir J 2006; 28: 5: 1042–1050.
36. Kelly H.W. Pharmaceutical characteristics that influence the clinical efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2003; 91: 4: 326–334.
37. Miller-Larsson A. Prolonged Airway Activity and Improved Selectivity of Budesonide Possibly Due to Esterification. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 4: Pt 1: 1455–1461.
38. Инструкция по медицинскому применению препарата Пульмикорт суспензия для ингаляций дозированная, 0,25 мг/мл, 0,5 мг/мл ПN 13826/01 от 20.10.2011 с учетом изменений 1,2 от 02.03.2015; www.medi.ru/doc/0919. htm. (The instruction for medical application of Pulmikort suspension for inhalations 0,25 mg/ml, 0,5 mg/ml 13826/01 of 20.10.2011 taking into account changes 1,2 of 02.03.2015; www.medi.ru/doc/0919.htm. (in Russ))
39. Agertoft L. Effect of long-term treatment with inhaled budesonide on adult height in children with asthma. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 15: 1064–1069.
40. Kemp J.P. Once-daily budesonide inhalation suspension for the treatment of persistent asthma in infants and young children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1999; 83: 3: 231–239.
Review
For citations:
Ivanova N.A. Recurrent bronchial obstruction and asthma in children during the first five years of life. Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics). 2016;61(5):64-69. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2016-61-5-64-69