Influence of the social, medicinal and environmental factors upon the development of sporadic congenital heart diseases

The epidemiological studies have shown an increase of congenital heart diseases in the industrial regions of the Russian Federation. The etiology and pathogenesis of most congenital heart defects are still unknown despite high achievements in cardiology and cardiac surgery. The purpose of this review is to analyze the literature data devoted to the influence of a complex of exogenous and endogenous factors, including the genetic ones, upon the development of the sporadic congenital heart diseases, which are not associated with the chromosomal abnormalities. It isshown that the sporadic congenital heart diseases associate with the women's social factors such as a low social status and level of education, smoking, and alcohol. The air pollution with nanoparticles smaller than 10 µm is a risk factor for the development of the congenital heart diseases and other pathological conditions of the cardiovascular system. It has been proven that the alleles and genotypes of polymorphic variants of genes GATA6, NPPB (rs198388 and rs198389), CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and NAT2 have the associative links with the congenital heart disease in the children.

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