Modern endoscopy: variants of pathological changes in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in premature infants during the first six months of life

The resuscitation aids using inspiratory support for a long time lead to changes of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in premature infants, which can later lead to long-term persistent violations of nasal breathing. Objective: to identify possible pathological changes in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in premature infants of different gestational age in the first six months of life. The authors carried out a cross-sectionalstudy of 178 premature infants of 3 months old (gestational age from 25 to 36 weeks). There were examined upper respiratory tract, the nasal cavity and nasopharynx by endoscopic method. Results: a high percentage of curvature of the nasal septum (84.9%), tubular mucus reflux (44.6%) and their combinations in premature infants. In our opinion, these defects are connected both with the peculiarity of the structure of the nasal septum in newborns, and long-term mechanical impact of the nasogastric tube and / or nasotracheal intubation tube. Conclusion: the frequency and nature of pathological processes in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx depend on the gestational age of children, and therefore all premature infants, in addition to examination by ENT doctor, need to undergo diagnostic endoscopy of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx during the first six months of life.

Conflict of interest: The authors of this article confirmed the absence conflict of interests, financial or any other support which should be reported.

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