Пребиотические компоненты грудного молока и возможность повторения их эффектов в формулах детского питания

Аксиоматично, что грудное молоко является лучшей пищей для новорожденного, снабжающей его энергией, высококачественными пищевыми нутриентами, а также большим разнообразием биологически активных компонентов, необходимых для адекватного физического и психомоторного развития. Действуя либо в составе сложных биологических структур, либо отдельно, компоненты грудного молока, в том числе персонализированные микробные и иммунные, на молекулярном и клеточном уровне регулируют морфогенез, определяют характер метаболизма, направляют развитие мукозального иммунитета в организме ребенка. Понятно, что однозначно выявить какой-либо компонент грудного молока в качестве основного, определяющего его функциональную активность и обеспечивающего преимущества естественного вскармливания, невозможно. Цель данного обзора – описание роли пребиотиков в грудном молоке и формулах детского питания для формирования и поддержания здоровой микробиоты кишечника ребенка, представляющей ключевое звено формирования нормального пищеварения, функционально состоятельной иммунной системы и обмена веществ.

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