ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ВКУСОВОГО ВОСПРИЯТИЯ: РОЛЬ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ И СРЕДОВЫХ ФАКТОРОВ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ ВКУСОВЫХ ПРЕДПОЧТЕНИЙ

Восприятие вкуса оказывает существенное влияние на формирование пищевых предпочтений человека. Основы вкусового восприятия ребенка закладываются под влиянием генетического полиморфизма и врожденных вкусовых предпочтений, развиваясь в дальнейшем под воздействием ряда средовых факторов. Существенное влияние на формирование вкуса оказывает питание матери во  время беременности, характер вскармливания ребенка, состояние здоровья младенца на  первом году жизни, а также национальные и семейные традиции питания. Рассмотрены механизмы формирования различных вкусовых ощущений, суммированы результаты современных исследований в отношении генетики вкусовых рецепторов, рассмотрена роль отдельных средовых факторов в развитии пищевых предпочтений. Особое внимание уделено особенностям питания ребенка на первом году жизни.

дети, вкус, вкусовой анализатор, полиморфизм генов, рецепторы, врожденные вкусовые предпочтения, средовые факторы, питание матери, характер вскармливания, прикорм

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